Social Norm Emergence in Virtual Agent Societies

Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy; Purvis, Maryam; Purvis, Martin; Cranefield, Stephen

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93920-7_2

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Their framework was intended to find norms that led to a common equilibrium being selected from two equilibria in a coordination game. Savarimuthu et al [13] also assumed interaction with different agents in each iteration and they examined how the norms leading to an equilibrium might spread within an agent society. Yu et al [5] proposed a social collective learning framework where agents interacted with all neighbors simultaneously at every step.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Conventions for Efficiently Resolving Conflicts in Complex Networks

Sugawara

2014

2014 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence (WI) and Intelligent Agent Technologies (IAT)

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We investigated the emergence of conventions for conflict resolutions in agent networks with various structures through pairwise reinforcement learning. Whereas coordinated agents encounter conflict situations in the course of actions, their resolutions are complex and computationally expensive due to mutual analysis of subsequent actions by both agents and communication costs of the interactions. Norms and conventions are expected to reduce these costs by regulating agent actions in recurrent conflicts. This paper describes a typical conflict situation using a Markov game and we investigated whether or not agents with a certain attitude to conflicts could learn the conventions of agent networks that had complex structures. We first examined the emergence of conventions and their characteristics in fully connected networks. Then, we compared them with the results from other agent network structures such as BA and CNN networks. We found the network structure strongly affected their emergence and the agents could sometimes learn no conventions although they could learn locally consistent actions for resolutions.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Conventions for Efficiently Resolving Conflicts in Complex Networks

Sugawara

2014

2014 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence (WI) and Intelligent Agent Technologies (IAT)

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“…Norms are beneficial to multiagent societies because they reduce the computation requirement for an agent to make a decision [90], ensure society's goals are met and function as a conflict resolution strategy [101]. 1 For example, Székely et al [98] found that social norms can help to resolve disputes without expensive legal representation.…”

Section: Norm Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Having norms emerge from the bottom up is not just easier for the agent but less expensive to implement [90,106]. According to Yu et al [106] "Due to the expense and inefficiency of having a centralized policing enforcer to formulate and specify social norms in a prescriptive manner, it is more desirable to enable social norms to evolve and emerge on their own without relying on any centralized authority."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norm emergence in multiagent systems: a viewpoint paper

Morris-Martin

Vos

Padget

2019

Auton Agent Multi-Agent Syst

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Norms are utilised in agent societies to encourage acceptable behaviour by the participating agents. They can be established or revised from the top-down (authority) or from the bottom-up (populace). The study of norm creation from the bottom-up-or norm emergence/convergence-shows evidence of increasing activity. In consequence, we seek to analyse and categorize the approaches proposed in the literature for facilitating norm emergence. This paper makes three contributions to the study of norm emergence. Firstly, we present the different perspectives of norms and their impact on the norm emergence process, with the aim of comparing their similarities and differences in implementing the norm life cycle. Secondly, we identify the characteristics that support norm emergence that are observed in the emergence literature. Finally, we identify and propose future topics for study for the community, through a discussion of the challenges and opportunities in norm emergence.

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“…The use of norms to provide a means of ensuring cooperative behaviour has been proposed by many [7,10,11,32,36,38,39,41] but, as shown by Axelrod [2], norms alone may not lead to the desired outcomes. In consequence, metanorms have been proposed as a means of ensuring not only that norms are complied with, but that they are enforced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing norms with metanorms over interaction topologies

Mahmoud

Griffiths

Keppens

et al. 2017

Auton Agent Multi-Agent Syst

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Norms are a valuable means of establishing coherent cooperative behaviour in decentralised systems in which there is no central authority. Axelrod's seminal model of norm establishment in populations of self-interested individuals provides some insight into the mechanisms needed to support this through the use of metanorms, but considers only limited scenarios and domains. While further developments of Axelrod's model have addressed some of the limitations, there is still only limited consideration of such metanorm models with more realistic topological configurations. In response, this paper tries to address such limitation by considering its application to different topological structures. Our results suggest that norm establishment is achievable in lattices and small worlds, while such establishment is not achievable in scale-free networks, due to the problematic effects of hubs. The paper offers a solution, first by adjusting the model to more appropriately reflect the characteristics of the problem, and second by offering a new dynamic policy adaptation approach to learning the right behaviour. Experimental results demonstrate that this dynamic policy adaptation overcomes the difficulties posed by the asymmetric distribution of links in scale-free networks, leading to an absence of norm violation, and instead to norm emergence.

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Social Norm Emergence in Virtual Agent Societies

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Emergence of Conventions for Efficiently Resolving Conflicts in Complex Networks

Emergence of Conventions for Efficiently Resolving Conflicts in Complex Networks

Norm emergence in multiagent systems: a viewpoint paper

Establishing norms with metanorms over interaction topologies

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