Social Norms Change and Tobacco Use: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions

Lahiri, Shaon; Bingenheimer, Jeffrey B.; Evans, W. Douglas; Wang, Yan; Dubey, Priyanka; Snowden, Bobbi

doi:10.3390/ijerph182212186

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 55 publications

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“…Sehingga terdapat gap riset pada metode tertulis yang kurang efektif jika ditujukan pada responden anak. Metode promosi kesehatan akan lebih efektif apabila informasi tertulis ditampilkan dalam bentuk salah satunya video [4]. Promosi kesehatan dengan menggunakan media audio visual seperti video dapat meningkatkan pemahaman responden anak.…”

Section: Anakunclassified

Media of Video for Enhancing Knowledge of Toothbrushing for Children Aged 8 – 9 in Cempaka Village

Koch,

Raule,

Dotu

2023

jkg. jurnal. kesehatan. gigi

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Knowledge about health obtained in school is one of the guarantees of a healthy society. Maintaining dental hygiene through tooth brushing is among the ways improving health. Health does not only relate to the normal condition; it is a process of increasing the degree of complete health. Children and adolescents are a particular target group for health education, this is because children have much lower immunity than adults. It takes suitable media to support children's knowledge through learning. The objective of this study is to analyze the significancy of using video as media to improve knowledge of brushing teeth in children aged 8-9 years. Methods: This study used an analytic method of one group pretest-posttest design. The technique of sampling was Accidental Sampling with inclusion criteria. The amount of sample is 35 aged 8-9 years, with the total of 80 respondents. The results of the paired sample t test showed a significant difference observed from the p-value 0.00, hence Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concludes that video media affects the improved knowledge of brushing teeth.

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Section: Anakunclassified

Media of Video for Enhancing Knowledge of Toothbrushing for Children Aged 8 – 9 in Cempaka Village

Koch,

Raule,

Dotu

2023

jkg. jurnal. kesehatan. gigi

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Building the African American/Black Community’s Capacity to Elucidate Factors for High Smoking Rates in Jackson, MS: Results from Implementing a Community-Led Needs Assessment

Leung,

Yazdi,

Drayton

et al. 2024

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions

Lahiri,

Bingenheimer,

Evans

et al. 2024

Addiction

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Background and AimsTobacco use spreads through social networks influencing social norms around tobacco use. However, the social norms scholarship is extremely diverse and occasionally conflicting, complicating efforts to understand how best to leverage social norms to reduce tobacco use. This study systematically reviewed and meta‐analyzed this vast terrain by focusing on social norms measurement and mechanism, and intervention effectiveness and modality aimed at changing social norms around tobacco use and actual tobacco use.MethodsWe searched Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo, Clinicaltrials.gov, ProQuest Dissertations, the Cochrane Trial Registry, as well as the websites of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, the Open Science Framework, medrXiv and the Truth Initiative for experimental and quasi‐experimental evaluation studies of interventions designed to shift tobacco use. We included studies written in English from inception to 30 May 2024. We only included studies which noted social norms or social influence as part of the intervention design or set of measured variables. We excluded studies with only one time point, without an intervention being evaluated and those not published in English. Study screening followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and was conducted by at least two independent reviewers who resolved discrepancies through discussion and consensus. All included studies were analyzed in a narrative synthesis, and those providing sufficient statistics for tobacco and social norms outcomes were included in meta‐analyses, which were performed separately for tobacco outcomes and social norms outcomes. Study outcomes were transformed into a standardized mean difference (Hedges' g) and several meta‐regressions were fit to explore sources of heterogeneity using a robust variance estimation specification to handle effect size dependency.ResultsA total of 95 studies met inclusion criteria for the narrative synthesis, 200 effect sizes from 86 studies were included in the tobacco outcomes meta‐analysis, and 66 effect sizes from 29 studies were included in the social norms outcomes meta‐analysis. Nearly 90% of included studies were conducted in high‐income settings, with the remainder conducted in middle‐income settings. No studies were conducted in Latin America or on the African continent. Social norms change interventions had a statistically significant effect on reducing tobacco use and pro‐tobacco social normative perceptions [g = 0.233, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.166, 0.301, P < 0.001 and g = 0.292, 95% CI = 0.090, 0.494, P = 0.007, respectively]. Interventions were commonly conducted among schoolchildren in classrooms through multicomponent education sessions, often coupled with regular ‘booster' sessions over time. Among adult populations, motivational interviewing and other counselling approaches were used in some cases, and few interventions leveraged digital technologies to change social norms.ConclusionsSocial norms change interventions appear to be effective for reducing tobacco use and pro‐tobacco social normative perceptions. In particular, leveraging role models appears to be the most effective social norms change mechanisms for tobacco control.

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Social Norms Change and Tobacco Use: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Media of Video for Enhancing Knowledge of Toothbrushing for Children Aged 8 – 9 in Cempaka Village

Media of Video for Enhancing Knowledge of Toothbrushing for Children Aged 8 – 9 in Cempaka Village

Building the African American/Black Community’s Capacity to Elucidate Factors for High Smoking Rates in Jackson, MS: Results from Implementing a Community-Led Needs Assessment

Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions

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