Social Representations of Foreign Aid: Exploring Meaning-Making in Aid Practice in Sulu, Southern Philippines

Guzman, Judith M. de; Montiel, Cristina Jayme

doi:10.1017/prp.2012.2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…The United States Agency for International Development estimates that the losses amount to at least 20% of the annual national budget (Committee for the Evangelization of Culture, 2002). Corruption has also been cited as hampering the ability of foreign aid to deliver improvements in the country (de Guzman & Montiel, 2012).…”

Section: Workplace Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organisational Culture and Workplace Corruption in Government Hospitals

Hechanova

Melgar

Falguera

et al. 2014

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology

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T his study examines corruption attitudes and norms in government hospitals in the Philippines. It tests a culture-building model that advocates communication of desired values, leadership role modelling, employee role modelling, alignment of systems and structures, training and evaluation, and reinforcement. Results reveal components that influence corruption attitudes and norms. Communication predicted individual attitudes or acceptability of corrupt acts. Leadership, systems, and controls predicted the prevalence of corrupt acts. Employee role modelling predicted both acceptability of and the prevalence of corrupt acts. In addition, there is a positive relationship between individual attitudes and organisation norms reinforcing the dyadic relationship between the two.

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Section: Workplace Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organisational Culture and Workplace Corruption in Government Hospitals

Hechanova

Melgar

Falguera

et al. 2014

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology

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“…For example, Sun et al (2013) found that perceived China‐Japan intergroup concerns (about historical conflicts and about geographical border disputes) impacted on Chinese donors' willingness to come to the aid of Japanese victims of an earthquake. Evidence that perceptions of intergroup assistance offered to the ingroup are shaped by the political context also comes from the Philippines specifically: de Guzman and Montiel (2012) found that foreign aid can be interpreted by the recipients as a valuable resource, but that it can also be perceived in potentially negative terms, for example, as a profiteering enterprise.…”

Section: Political Intergroup Relations Impacting On Psychological Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fearing the Trojan horse: Motives attributed to the outgroup and rejection of outgroup help

Zagefka

Paz

Macapagal

et al. 2023

J Applied Social Pyschol

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Decisions to give and receive help are often influenced by group memberships, social identities, and intergroup relations. Two studies were conducted to test how perceived political relations between countries are related to willingness to accept offers of intergroup help. Respondents in two low-income countries, the Philippines (N = 289) and Pakistan (N = 275), indicated their willingness to accept (or not) Covid-19 vaccine donations from two higher-status countries (China and the United States) during the Covid pandemic. Results showed that the perceived motivation of the outgroup nation for providing help was associated with rejection or acceptance of help, mediated by emotional reactions to the help. A perception that outgroup nations donate vaccines to demonstrate and assert their superiority and power, that they donate vaccines to keep the outgroup dependent on the ingroup, and a perception that they donate vaccines out of self-interest, were all associated with rejection of vaccine donations. A perception that donations by the outgroup are motivated by genuine concern for the ingroup was associated with acceptance of help. Findings confirm that political intergroup relations are related to attitudes about whether the ingroup nation should accept intergroup help or not. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed. | INTRODUCTIONTo overcome global health challenges, a global approach is needed (Gavi, 2021). International sharing of health resources between rich and poorer countries is imperative on ethical, humanitarian, and medical grounds (see, e.g., the Guardian, 2021). Sharing can happen through international collaborations such as the COVAX initiative supported by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021), or it can happen through individual donations from certain resource-rich countries to poorer countries, for example, by China to the Philippines (Reuters, 2021) and by the United States to Pakistan (VoaNews, 2021). But, a successful sharing of health resources does not only require resource sharing, it also requires a willingness among the population of low-income countries to accept and use resources such as vaccines donated by more resource-rich countries. The literature on the psychology of intergroup helping suggests that offers of help, such as donations of Covid-19 vaccines, are not always gratefully accepted. Under certain circumstances, offers of assistance can be met with suspicion and resistance (Nadler & Halabi, 2006). This present research will test the potential downstream consequences of motives attributed to resource-rich countries for offering Covid-19 vaccines to residents of two low-income countries: the

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Diversifying Perspectives in Political Psychology

2022

The Cambridge Handbook of Political Psychology

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Social Cohesion:The influx of over a million Syrian refugees has severely strained the socioeconomic fabric and infrastructure of Lebanon, especially as most refugees settled in some of the poorest areas (e.g. the Bekaa and Akkar -UNHCR 2013, 2014). Tensions between Syrian Refugees and Lebanese nationals competing for the same resources and services are at a breaking point. Multiple social cohesion and community support initiatives were implemented to improve intercommunity relations, and this report focuses on Save the Children's Casual Labor Initiative (CLI) and its impact on intercommunity social cohesion.The Casual Labor Initiative engaged over 8000 Syrian Refugees and Lebanese nationals between November 2013 and January 2014, to collaboratively carry out public works in both Informal Tented Settlements (ITS) and surrounding host communities in 10 locations in Akkar and 30 locations in the Bekaa. The work was paid and lasted for ten days over a period of one month. The works consisted of improvements to the community infrastructure and environment, including site improvements in ITS. Objectives:The aims of our research were to 1) evaluate the CLI project design and implementation, and assess its impact on intercommunity perceptions and 2) assess social cohesion in Akkar and the Bekaa, in the locations that benefited from the CLI. Specifically, we assessed an array of socio-political indicators of emerging conflict (e.g. threat perceptions, contact quantity and quality, readiness for violence) and identified locations of potential concern (mapping). We also assessed the levels of support for violent forms of collective action targeting Lebanese nationals, Syrian refugees, Lebanese authorities, and International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs). Methods:We used a multi-stage, multi-method research design to address the objectives stated above. We first conducted 17 Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with two sets of populations: a) Stakeholders (Municipality officials, community leaders, and Save the Children staff), and b) Syrian refugees and Lebanese nationals who either did, or did not benefit from the CLI. We then designed and pilot tested a questionnaire on a small sample of 20 participants. Finally, we conducted a systematic random sampling survey of 600 Syrian refugees and 600 Lebanese nationals from 16 locations in the Bekaa, Sahel Akkar and Wadi Khaled. The questionnaire used measured perceptions of threat (existential, economic, symbolic, and status/dignity), contact quality and quantity, justice perceptions, corruption perception, and collective action tendencies among other variables. Findings:SES: The socio-economic status of Lebanese nationals differed substantially by area. Unemployment rates ranged from 58% in Wadi Khaled, to 44% in Sahel Akkar to 23% in the Bekaa, while the educational profile of Bekaa residents was significantly higher than Sahel Akkar and Wadi Khaled residents. These differing profiles may explain some of the differences and grievances between areas found in the present repo...

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Social Representations of Foreign Aid: Exploring Meaning-Making in Aid Practice in Sulu, Southern Philippines

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Organisational Culture and Workplace Corruption in Government Hospitals

Organisational Culture and Workplace Corruption in Government Hospitals

Fearing the Trojan horse: Motives attributed to the outgroup and rejection of outgroup help

Diversifying Perspectives in Political Psychology

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