Social support and clinical improvement in COVID-19 positive patients in China

Yang, Xiao; Yang, Xiaobin; Kumar, Poornima; Cao, Bingrong; Ma, Xiaohong; Li, Tao

doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2020.08.008

Cited by 47 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Women may be more likely to have sleep problem, depressive symptom [26], and more intrusive flashbacks as they were more sensitivity to emotional stimuli and resulted in altered immune function and hormone level [25,27]. We also found that unmarried respondents were more likely to suffer higher pressure.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 56%

“…This result was consistent with the previous study, which also found that female may be associated with the worse psychological status during COVID-19 epidemic [ 24 , 25 ]. Women may be more likely to have sleep problem, depressive symptom [ 26 ], and more intrusive flashbacks as they were more sensitivity to emotional stimuli and resulted in altered immune function and hormone level [ 25 , 27 ]. We also found that unmarried respondents were more likely to suffer higher pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: Evidence from the general Chinese population

Yang

Xiong

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by novel coronavirus 2019. Many individuals suffered psychological symptoms in the early stage when the epidemic was uncertain. We explored the perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic. Method The Perceived Stress Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale and a general information questionnaire were integrated in an on-line survey conducted from February 1, 2020 until February 4, 2020. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore whether coping style, social support or other factors contributed to psychological stress. Results A total of 1638 participants were included, of whom 44.3% showed moderate psychological stress. Individuals who were younger, female, unmarried, spent more time on the disease, felt more concern about it, reported lower social support (Subjective Social support; Objective social support; Utilization social support), or showed a negative coping style were more likely to suffer higher psychological stress in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion Psychological interventions may be targeted to individuals with the risk characteristics identified in this study. It may be helpful to promote social support and positive coping style in the early stage of infectious disease epidemics. This initial evidence from the general Chinese population may be relevant to interventions in other countries for dealing with the COVID-19 and other epidemics.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: Evidence from the general Chinese population

Yang

Xiong

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Resilience, adaptive coping strategies and social support have been linked to better mental health performing during the pandemic [ 50 ]. Psychosocial interventions have been shown to be especially useful in reducing loneliness [ 51 ] and anxiety during the pandemic [ 52 ], in reducing alcohol consumption [ 53 ], and even improving physical health [ 54 ]. Finally, the fact of maintaining and healthy daily routines, as well as avoiding alcohol consumption are useful general recommendations in both genders as these behaviors showed a protective effect on mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Responses According to Gender during the Early Stage of COVID-19 in Spain

Río-Casanova

Sánchez-Martín

García-Dantas

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Current research has pointed out an increased risk of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in women compared to men, however the reason for this difference remains unclear. The aim of this research is to study early psychological responses to the pandemic in the Spanish general population, focusing on gender differences. Methods: Nine to 14 days after the declaration of a state of emergency an online survey was conducted assessing sociodemographic, health, behavioral and COVID-19-related variables. Mental health status was evaluated by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Self-Care Scale (SCS). Results: The study included 3520 respondents: 2611 women and 909 men. Women scored significantly higher in DASS-21 and IES-R (p < 0.05) and were more likely to somatize, suffer from hypochondriasis, sleeping disturbances and claustrophobia (p < 0.05). Being a woman can be considered a risk factor for intrusive thoughts, avoidance mechanisms, stress and anxiety (Odd Ratio = 2.7/2.3/2.3/1.6). The risk of presenting posttraumatic symptoms and emotional distress was greater in women (Odd Ratio = 6.77/4.59). General linear models to predict IES-R and DASS-21 scores clarified which variables were gender specific, such as main concerns. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that at early stages of the pandemic, women mental health was more impacted and that both genders show different concerns. Gender perspective in secondary and tertiary prevention strategies must be taken into account when facing the distress associated with the pandemic.

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“…These outcomes were promoted by psychological interventions based on social support, psychological rehabilitation, and psychoeducation. The model of social support may have been particularly useful, such as some studies highlighted [ 51 , 52 ], because the service had to address problems that arose or were exacerbated during a moment of widespread social isolation [ 51 ]. At the same time, it showed its worth in answering the questions that many users were asking regarding the management of problems linked to the reference system (children, partner, etc.).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lègami/Legàmi Service—An Experience of Psychological Intervention in Maternal and Child Care during COVID-19

et al. 2021

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This study provides a descriptive analysis of the Lègami/Legàmi service, a free psychological support service in maternal and childcare, offered through the internet and by telephone that was initiated by the Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.) during the COVID-19 medical emergency as an act of solidarity, first independently, and then in collaboration with the Italian Ministry of Health. This paper presents findings related to the “universe” of people who called the toll-free service, from the sociocultural characteristics of the users to the information collected by the professionals during the psychological pathways until human satisfaction was achieved. We provide a retrospective description of an experience that took place between April and June 2020, and which involved users of the maternal-infant area calling from the whole Italy. Methods: The aims of this study were to investigate the configuration of the indicators identified and to detect the possible correlations between them in the sample. There were 193 users who took advantage of the Service, 160 of whom continued beyond the reception service; it is this group that we report the findings from here. The tool used was a form reporting access to care and interventions, and the resulting data underwent a content analysis and the indicators were subject to non-parametric statistical analysis to analyze differences and relationships. Results: There were many correlations among the indicators that revealed a high prevalence of calls due to personal motivations and requests for support, which later allowed users to gain a greater understanding of the underlying problems they were facing. The professionals running the service noticed a prevalence of weaknesses attributable to the negative emotions of its users, alongside a presence of cognitive and relational resources. The professionals’ interventions, which can be characterized by a prevalence of social support, psychological rehabilitation, and psychoeducation, achieved outcomes of redefining users’ relationships with themselves and others. All of the service’s users have expressed a high level of satisfaction with it. Discussion: Our results revealed the protective and transformative effects of the service for its users and the underlying importance of having an easily accessible psychological support system in place during emergencies, like the recent pandemic. In conditions like these, the great value of a remote support service should be noted, and despite its limitations, assures its own efficacy when a medical emergency precludes closer in-person forms of psychological assistance.

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Social support and clinical improvement in COVID-19 positive patients in China

Cited by 47 publications

References 29 publications

Perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: Evidence from the general Chinese population

Perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: Evidence from the general Chinese population

Psychological Responses According to Gender during the Early Stage of COVID-19 in Spain

The Lègami/Legàmi Service—An Experience of Psychological Intervention in Maternal and Child Care during COVID-19

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