Social support and gender differences in coping with depression among emerging adults: a mixed-methods study

Martínez-Hernáez, Ángel; Carceller-Maicas, Natàlia; DiGiacomo, Susan M.; Ariste, Santiago

doi:10.1186/s13034-015-0088-x

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…For instance, in most western societies, the female part of the population tend to have lower socioeconomic status than the male, and a lower socioeconomic status has been associated with lower frequency of health care, regardless of actual psychiatric health [36]. Another example is coping strategies, the use of which may cause a person to reduce his or her need for care, and for which gender differences have been found when it comes to psychiatric health [37, 38]. Finally, if the disorder is displayed differently in women and men, such as is the case for e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in psychiatric diagnoses in older people with intellectual disability: a register study

2017

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BackgroundGender differences regarding psychiatric ill-health are well known in the general population. However, not much research is done on people with intellectual disability, and especially not among older people with intellectual disability.MethodsPeople with intellectual disability aged 55+ years in 2012 in Sweden were identified through a register containing information on those receiving support and service for this type of disability. The cohort comprised 3609 women and 4327 men with mean age 65 and 64 years, respectively. Information on psychiatric diagnoses was collected from the National Patient Register for the period 2002–2012. Potential gender differences were evaluated both for diagnostic categories (e.g. affective disorders) and single diagnoses (e.g. depressive episodes).ResultsThe most common diagnoses among women were in the diagnostic category affective disorders, and among men in psychotic disorders. The majority of both women (72%) and men (71%) had diagnoses in only one diagnostic category. Women were more likely than men to have at least one diagnosis of dementia (odds ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.83) or affective disorders (1.33, 1.21–1.58) during the study period. They were, however, less likely to have at least one diagnosis of alcohol/substance use related disorder (0.59, 0.43–0.80). No gender differences were found for diagnoses of psychotic (1.04, 0.86–1.27) or anxiety disorders (1.15, 0.94–1.40). Regarding single diagnoses, women were more likely than men to have had at least one diagnosis of unspecified nonorganic psychosis (1.75, 1.23–2.50), depressive episode (1.47, 1.19–1.82), recurrent depressive disorder (1.53, 1.06–2.22), other anxiety disorder (1.34, 1.06–1.69), or dementia in Alzheimer disease (2.50, 1.40–4.49), but less likely to be diagnosed with psychiatric and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol (0.41, 0.27–0.61).ConclusionsAs in the general population, there seem to be gender differences with respect to several types of psychiatric diagnoses among older people with intellectual disability. More research is needed to establish if this is due to gender differences in the occurrence of disease, inclination to seek care, health care utilization patterns, or ability to correctly identify disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in psychiatric diagnoses in older people with intellectual disability: a register study

2017

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“…Previous work by Gregson et al [49] found that men were more likely than women to participate in events that involved alcohol use. Additionally, excessive alcohol use and self-reported depression may indicate social problems for which seeking social support (whether through sexual partnerships or otherwise) may be a coping mechanism [74,75]. Adjusting for these factors did not materially alter the degree to which gender modified the relationship between social capital and sexual concurrency in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Social Capital and Risk of Concurrent Sexual Partners Among African Americans in Jackson, Mississippi

et al. 2019

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Concurrent sexual partnerships (i.e., relationships that overlap in time) contribute to higher HIV acquisition risk. Social capital, defined as resources and connections available to individuals is hypothesized to reduce sexual HIV risk behavior, including sexual concurrency. Additionally, we do not know whether any association between social capital and sexual concurrency is moderated by gender. Multivariable logistic regression tested the association between social capital and sexual concurrency and effect modification by gender. Among 1445 African Americans presenting for care at an urban STI clinic in Jackson, Mississippi, mean social capital was 2.85 (range 1-5), mean age was 25 (SD = 6), and 62% were women. Sexual concurrency in the current year was lower for women compared to men (45% vs. 55%, χ 2 (df = 1) = 11.07, p = .001). Higher social capital was associated with lower adjusted odds of sexual concurrency for women compared to men (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 0.62 (95% CI 0.39-0.97), p = 0.034), controlling for sociodemographic and psychosocial covariates. Interventions that add social capital components may be important for lowering sexual risk among African Americans in Mississippi.

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“…Studies have shown that in the context of LMICs, there is a need to identify and design interventions that are culturally relevant and sensitive to differences across caste and genders [ 64 , 65 ]. Differences among the participant’s caste, gender, age and educational status will help to guide the design of culturally salient interventions and inform future research across these domains of mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating adolescent aspirational models for the design of public mental health interventions: a mixed-method study in rural Nepal

Rai

Adhikari

Acharya

et al. 2017

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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BackgroundAdolescent aspirational models are sets of preferences for an idealized self. Aspirational models influence behavior and exposure to risk factors that shape adult mental and physical health. Cross-cultural understandings of adolescent aspirational models are crucial for successful global mental health programs. The study objective was elucidating adolescent aspirational models to inform interventions in Nepal.MethodsTwenty qualitative life trajectory interviews were conducted among adolescents, teachers, and parents. Card sorting (rating and ranking activities) were administered to 72 adolescents aged 15–19 years, stratified by caste/ethnicity: upper caste Brahman and Chhetri, occupational caste Dalit, and ethnic minority Janajati.ResultsThemes included qualities of an ideal person; life goals, barriers, and resources; emotions and coping; and causes of interpersonal violence, harmful alcohol use, and suicide. Education was the highest valued attribute of ideal persons. Educational attainment received higher prioritization by marginalized social groups (Dalit and Janajati). Poverty was the greatest barrier to achieving life goals. The most common distressing emotion was ‘tension’, which girls endorsed more frequently than boys. Sharing emotions and self-consoling were common responses to distress. Tension was the most common reason for alcohol use, especially among girls. Domestic violence, romantic break-ups, and academic pressure were reasons for suicidality.ConclusionInability to achieve aspirational models due to a range of barriers was associated with negative emotions—notably tension—and dysfunctional coping that exacerbates barriers, which ultimately results in the triad of interpersonal violence, substance abuse, and suicidality. Interventions should be framed as reducing the locally salient idiom of distress tension and target this triad of threats. Regarding intervention content, youth-endorsed coping mechanisms should be fortified to counter this distress pathway.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13034-017-0198-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Social support and gender differences in coping with depression among emerging adults: a mixed-methods study

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Gender differences in psychiatric diagnoses in older people with intellectual disability: a register study

Gender differences in psychiatric diagnoses in older people with intellectual disability: a register study

Social Capital and Risk of Concurrent Sexual Partners Among African Americans in Jackson, Mississippi

Elucidating adolescent aspirational models for the design of public mental health interventions: a mixed-method study in rural Nepal

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