Social support and relapse: Commonalities among alcoholics, opiate users, and cigarette smokers

Havassy, Barbara E.; Hall, Sharon M.; Wasserman, David A.

doi:10.1016/0306-4603(91)90016-b

Cited by 321 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As expected, individuals with lower levels of social support at baseline had greater severity of problems in gambling, psychiatric, and family domains. These results are consistent with prior literature in other addiction populations showing that patients with lower social support had higher symptoms of depression and psychological distress as well as greater severity of addiction problems (1,3,4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Individuals without strong and supportive networks of family and friends may be more likely to turn toward addictive behaviors and develop problems with them. Once problems with gambling or substances do develop, those with relatively stronger social support networks may be more likely to seek professional treatment early and benefit from it, as family and friends can be an important factor during the recovery process (1,(3)(4)(5). In contrast, those with poorer social support networks may have more severe problems, along with more pronounced difficulties along a number of dimensions (3,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Support is Associated with Gambling Treatment Outcomes in Pathological Gamblers

Petry¹,

Weiss²

2009

UAJA

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Poor social support is a contributory factor in development of addictive disorders, but it has rarely been evaluated in pathological gamblers. This study examined social support in pathological gamblers and its relationship with treatment outcomes. Low baseline social support was associated with increased severity of gambling, family, and psychiatric problems and poorer post-treatment outcomes. Further, social support assessed post-treatment was significantly related to severity of gambling problems at the 12-month follow-up. These findings demonstrate that social support plays an important role in moderating outcomes, and enhancing social support may be an important aspect of effective gambling treatments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support is Associated with Gambling Treatment Outcomes in Pathological Gamblers

Petry¹,

Weiss²

2009

UAJA

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“…Prior research has repeatedly found that alcohol-specifi c support is predictive of subsequent drinking (e.g., Falkin and Strauss, 2003;Havassy et al, 1991;Longabaugh et al, 1993aLongabaugh et al, , 1998Project MATCH Research Group, 1997Wu and Witkiewitz, 2008). Although we hypothesized that alcohol-specifi c support would be uniquely related to drinking, it is less clear which specifi c measures of alcohol-specifi c support best capture this relationship.…”

Section: Social Network Constructs and Variablesmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Although we hypothesized that alcohol-specifi c support would be uniquely related to drinking, it is less clear which specifi c measures of alcohol-specifi c support best capture this relationship. Alcohol-specifi c support has been differentiated into network drinking and network member's response to patient's drinking (Havassy et al, 1991;Longabaugh et al, 1993a;Zywiak et al, 2002). We tested the relative infl uence of these two kinds of alcohol-specifi c support.…”

Section: Social Network Constructs and Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Support as a Prognostic Indicator of Drinking Outcomes: The COMBINE Study

Longabaugh

Wirtz²,

Zywiak³

et al. 2010

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

156

160

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ABSTRACT. Objective: To increase understanding of the interrelationship between a patient's social network and patient drinking, the Important People and Activities (IPA) instrument was developed. To meet the aims of the COMBINE (Combining Medications and Behavioral Interventions) Study, the IPA was modifi ed to create the Important People Inventory (IPI), which was used to measure the contextual infl uence of the patient's social network on patient outcomes and treatment effects. The aims of the present article were to describe the IPI and its differences from the IPA and to test the relationship of network support as measured by the IPI in predicting drinking during and following treatment. Method: Alcohol-dependent patients (N = 1,373) seeking outpatient treatment in the COMBINE randomized clinical trial were administered the IPI before treatment. Six network constructs were tested for predicting patient drinking. Results: As unique effects, alcohol-specifi c support, as measured by network drinking and opposition to patient drinking, is predictive of patient abstinent days during and following treatment and heavy drinking days following treatment. Other measures of network support have variable relationships to patient drinking at different phases: Some are predictive of patient drinking during treatment but diminish, whereas others are unrelated to drinking during treatment but become increasingly predictive of drinking as time from treatment increases. Conclusions: The IPI is a useful instrument for describing network support of alcohol-use disorder patients entering treatment. Measures of alcohol-specifi c support are prognostic of drinking outcomes. The patient's network support should be systematically assessed prior to tailored treatment planning. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 71, 837-846, 2010)

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“…A second explanation is engagement in post treatment aftercare, as some participants had access to aftercare programs. Social support after the conclusion of rehabilitation has been shown to increase time before relapse, and also decrease the likelihood of relapse (Havassy, Hall, & Wasserman, 1991). Furthermore, social support has been shown to benefit PTSD directly in both buffering against the initial development of PTSD, and facilitating recovery (Brewin, Andrews, & Valentine, 2000;Ozer, Best, Lipsey, & Weiss, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

Perryman¹

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The purpose of this body of research is twofold. First, to investigate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of adults undergoing substance use disorder (SUD) treatment in a therapeutic community (TC) and, second, to apply major psychological theories to help understand the nature of this comorbidity in ways that inform treatment. The focal theories of this research are: emotion dysregulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), and revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST; Corr, 2008;Gray & McNaughton, 2000). Rash Impulsiveness will be included as an important dimension of rRST that has been consistently linked to substance misuse. Chapter 1 presents an overview of research related to the thesis as a whole. In Chapter .72, p < .00). Furthermore, the correlations between PTSS and two of the facets of rRST, BAS and fight-flight-freeze sensitivity (FFFS), were significantly correlated (r = -.23 and .49, p < .01, respectively). BAS sensitivity was shown to negatively correlate with PTSS, indicating that lower BAS sensitivity related to higher PTS severity. No relationship was found between the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) and PTSS. Finally, Rash Impulsivity significantly correlated with PTSS at intake, r = .50, p < .00. Contrary to hypotheses, and previous research, Rash Impulsivity did not significantly correlate with retention. Theoretical mechanisms linking PTSS and substance misuse were investigated further, with tests of theoretical models in which individual difference factors (facets of the rRST) were related to retention and outcomes from treatment, and facets of emotional dysregulation were tested as mediators of this relationship. Upon investigation through linear regression, no suitable variable was found the mediate the relationship between PTSS and retention.iii The final moderated mediated model, therefore, was not suitable for this population. Limited moderation, though, occurred between the two facets of rRST and retention. Specifically, investigation of the simple slopes showed that FFFS and Rash Impulsivity both moderate the relationship between PTSD and retention at high (+1 SD) and mean scores. These findings indicate that high levels of both facets do interact with PTSD to negatively influence treatment retention.The null findings for both mediation and the moderated mediation model contradict previous research, and may be due to homogeneity in scores across the population. Overall, some implications for treatment can be extrapolated. First, PTSD is highly prevalent in the TC population, and should be assessed using psychometrically valid measures, such as the PCL-C, and addressed in treatment. Second, treatment for SUD does not exacerbate PTSD; on the contrary, PTSS significantly decreased during TC treatment. Finally, as there is solid theoretical support to suggest an influence of emotion dysregulation and Rash Impulsiveness on retention and outcomes, more research needs to be conducted on the role of these two constructs with the intent of creating a better suited rehabi...

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Social support and relapse: Commonalities among alcoholics, opiate users, and cigarette smokers

Cited by 321 publications

References 24 publications

Social Support is Associated with Gambling Treatment Outcomes in Pathological Gamblers

Social Support is Associated with Gambling Treatment Outcomes in Pathological Gamblers

Network Support as a Prognostic Indicator of Drinking Outcomes: The COMBINE Study

Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

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