Social Support as a Factor in African-American Adolescents' Sexual Risk Behavior

Lawrence, Janet S. St.; Brasfield, Ted L.; Jefferson, Kennis W.; Allyene, Edna; Shirley, Aaron

doi:10.1177/074355489493002

Cited by 64 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Participants who reported that their social norms favored condom use were significantly less likely to engage in unprotected anal and/ or vaginal sex with a female partner in the past 12 months. Consistent with previous research, 48,[51][52][53][54][55][56] strong community norms supporting the acceptability of condom use may assist or encourage safer sexual behavior among Black MSM. This seems particularly likely given that lower rates of UAS were observed in our sample among Black MSM reporting last sex with Black male nonmain (casual/hook-up) sex partners.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

et al. 2009

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Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk for HIV infection in the United States compared to other MSM. The aim of this study was to investigate Black MSM's sexual mixing patterns and partner characteristics in relation to sexual risk taking, as a possible explanation for this observed increase in HIV incidence. Between January and July 2008, 197 Black MSM were recruited via modified respondent-driven sampling and completed optional pretest and post-test HIV serological testing, counseling, and a demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial assessment battery. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to examine predictors of risky sex across partner types. Overall, 18% of the sample was HIV-infected; 50% reported unprotected intercourse with men, 30% with women, and 5% with transgender partners. Fifty-three percent identified as bisexual or straight, although all reported oral or anal sex with another man in the prior 12 months. Significant predictors of engaging in at least one episode of: (1) serodiscordant unprotected anal sex (UAS) with a male partner in the past 12 months: individuals at risk for social isolation (AOR=4.23; p=0.03), those with unstable housing (AOR=4.19; p=0.03), and those who used poppers at least weekly during sex (AOR=5.90; p=0.05); (2) UAS and/or unprotected vaginal intercourse with a female partner in the past 12 months: those with unstable housing (AOR=4.85; p=0.04), those who used cocaine at least weekly during sex (AOR=16.78; p=0.006), being HIV-infected (AOR=0.07; p=0.02), and feeling social norms favor condom use (AOR=0.60; p=0.05); (3) UAS with the participants' most recent nonmain male sex partner: use of alcohol and drugs during last sex by participant (AOR=4.04; p=0.01), having sex with a Hispanic/ Latino male (AOR=2.71; p=0.04) or a Black male (AOR=0.50; p=0.05) compared to a White male, and lower education (AOR=1.31; p=0.02). Findings suggest that sexual risk behaviors of Black MSM differ across partner type and by the characteristics of their sexual networks and that this subpopulation of MSM are at high risk for HIV acquisition and transmission. Effective prevention strategies need to address the distinct sexual and behavioral risk patterns presented by different sexual partnerships reported by Black MSM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

et al. 2009

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“…Findings of two studies supported positive effect of social support on promoting safer sexual behaviors among adolescents. One study conducted among African American adolescents in the U.S. suggested that adolescents with higher perceived general social support, as measured by the Social Provisions Scale [32], were less likely to engage in casual sex, have more sexual partners, report more frequent coercions into unwanted sex, and show higher rates of STIs [77]. Another study conducted in Ghana indicated that male adolescents with a higher level of social support were more likely to have used a condom [78].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support and HIV-related Risk Behaviors: A Systematic Review of the Global Literature

2013

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Existing empirical evidence has well documented the role of social support in both physical and psychological well-being among various populations. In the context of HIV prevention, the rapid increase of studies on social support merits a systematic review to synthesize the current global literature on association between social support and HIV-related risk behaviors. The current review reveals a complex picture of this relationship across diverse populations. Existing studies indicate that higher levels of social support are related to fewer HIV-related risk behaviors among female sex workers and people living with HIV/AIDS and heterosexual adults in general. However, influences of social support on HIV-related risk behaviors are inconsistent within drug users, men who have sex with men and adolescents. These variations in findings may be attributed to different measurement of social support in different studies, specific context of social support for diverse population, or various characteristics of the social networks the study population obtained support from. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanism of how social support affects HIV-related risk behaviors. HIV prevention intervention efforts need to focus on the positive effect of social support for various vulnerable and at-risk populations. Future efforts also need to incorporate necessary structure change and utilize technical innovation in order to maximize the protective role of social support in HIV risk prevention or reduction.

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“…Factor analysis yielded a six factor structure as follows: (a) relationship safety; (b) perceived risk; (c) interpersonal impact; (d) safety; (e) effect on sexual experience; and (f) promiscuity. The CASA showed internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .80), with an overall test-retest reliability of .84 (St. Lawrence et al 1994). The total scale score (range: 0-20) was used as the dependent measure of youth's overall attitude toward condoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The Condom Attitude Scale-Adolescent Version (CASA; St. Lawrence et al 1994) measures attitudes regarding condom use. It is a 23-item, true-false questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of an integrated treatment on HIV risk behavior among homeless youth: a randomized controlled trial

Slesnick

Kang

2007

J Behav Med

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While many studies provide useful information on the risk behaviors in which homeless youth engage, few prior studies evaluate Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) risk related reduction strategies. In this study, homeless youth (n = 180) were recruited from a drop-in center and randomly assigned to one of two conditions, either an integrated individual cognitive-behavioral treatment and HIV prevention intervention that focused on skills building and education or to treatment as usual. All youth were assessed at entry into the program and at 3 and 6 month follow-up points. Findings showed an interaction between treatment condition, age and time. In the interaction, youth assigned to the integrated treatment reported greater condom usage than youth assigned to treatment as usual, with younger youth assigned to treatment as usual showing no change in condom use. The number of sexual partners reported by youth in both treatment conditions was also reduced over time. However, youth in both conditions continued to engage in other high-risk behaviors. The integrated treatment findings are promising and suggest that interventions which target both HIV risk behavior in addition to other life areas (substance use, mental health and housing) among homeless youth may be necessary in order to significantly impact high-risk behaviors among this unique group.

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Social Support as a Factor in African-American Adolescents' Sexual Risk Behavior

Cited by 64 publications

References 37 publications

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

Social Support and HIV-related Risk Behaviors: A Systematic Review of the Global Literature

The impact of an integrated treatment on HIV risk behavior among homeless youth: a randomized controlled trial

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