Social support, posttraumatic cognitions, and PTSD: The influence of family, friends, and a close other in an interpersonal and non-interpersonal trauma group

Woodward, Matthew J.; Eddinger, Jasmine R.; Henschel, Aisling V.; Dodson, Thomas S.; Tran, Han N.; Beck, J. Gayle

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.09.002

Cited by 78 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…When age, gender, personal income, and subtypes of social support were regressed onto psychological distress for the entire PTSD sample, two variables emerged in Block 1, including gender (as previously mentioned), and total personal income, while social integration and guidance emerged in Block 2. In terms of social integration, higher scores were associated with lower psychological distress, a nding that has been previously reported within the context of PTSD risk and symptomology [e.g., 11,21,40]. It would seem that such studies insinuate a social causation perspective suggesting that the salutary in uence of social support serves to attenuate the impact of PSTD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…This perspective (often referred to as the social causation hypothesis) suggests that wellbeing is promoted by the availability of social support resources, and that de ciencies may lead to higher psychological distress [20]. Consistent with this notion, many studies have indeed proposed social support's health enhancing in uence within the context of PTSD whereby positive social relations (particularly with family and close friends) generally predict better managed PTSD symptoms following a traumatic event [9,10,11,21,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Much research into the reduction and regulation of PTSD symptoms has considered the in uence of social support [e.g., 6,9,10,11,12,13]. Social support may be generally de ned as the recognition that one has access to the assistance and/or resources of others, as well as an over-all sense that one is cared for, particularly during crises [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological Distress In Canadian Men And Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Exploring The Differential Role Of Social Support

Fowler

Walsh

Morgan

2020

Preprint

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Background: Individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) experience significant levels of psychological distress which is often moderated by social support. PTSD prevalence and symptomology gender differences tend to exist, and this may have important implications for the potential differential impact of social support. Objectives: The primary objectives of this study were to explore levels of psychological distress and social support in a sample of 364 Canadian adults reporting a PTSD diagnosis by a health professional, and to examine the link between specific social support types and psychological distress overall, and for males and females separately. Methods: Using a cross-sectional, national data file, 117 male and 247 female Canadian adults aged 20-64 reporting PTSD were profiled using the Social Provisions Scale – Short Form (SPS-SF), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and compared to a sex, age and frequency matched control group without a PTSD diagnosis. Social support subtype scores were subsequently regressed onto psychological distress.Results: The PTSD sample had psychological distress scores that were more than double that of the matched control group, and were significantly lower in overall social support, and on each subscale. A diagnosis of PTSD was found to moderate the effect of social support on psychological distress, and while higher social integration and income predicted lower distress overall, higher reliable alliance scores, personal income, and lower age predicted lower distress for men, and higher social integration but lower guidance scores predicted lower distress for women.Conclusions: Social support subtypes were differentially associated with psychological distress experienced by those with PTSD depending on gender, and this may have important implications for clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological Distress In Canadian Men And Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Exploring The Differential Role Of Social Support

Fowler

Walsh

Morgan

2020

Preprint

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“…These psychological reactions are associated with chronic posttraumatic pain, even more so than injury severity or characteristics . Additionally, activation of support networks immediately after a traumatic event enhances adjustment to pain, and poor social support predicts adverse psychological outcomes …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Daily Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Pain Over the First 14 Days After Injury: An Experience Sampling Study

Pacella

Girard

Wright

et al. 2018

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Daily hyperarousal symptoms predict same-day pain severity over the acute post-injury recovery period. We also demonstrated feasibility to screen and identify patients at risk for pain chronicity in the acute aftermath of injury. Early interventions aimed at addressing hyperarousal (e.g. anxiolytics) could potentially aid in reducing experience of pain. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…Social support is defined as the perceived empathy and emotional care that an individual receives from friends, family, or a significant other (Ullman and Filipas 2001). Numerous studies have supported the strength of the protective effect of social support across multiple PTE types, including victims of domestic violence, veterans of war, and those who experienced natural disasters (Dai et al 2016; Pietrzak et al 2009; Woodward et al 2015). Each of these disorders is heterogeneous, however, in that they contain multiple symptoms that are clustered into factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in the Strength of the Relation Between Social Support and Post-Trauma Psychopathology

Price

Pallito

Legrand

2017

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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Potentially traumatic events (PTEs) increase risk for psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Social support (SS) is associated with reduced symptoms for each disorder. Each disorder, however, is highly heterogeneous such that they are comprised of clusters of different symptoms. It is unclear if SS is associated with all clusters equally. The current study examined the relation between SS and the symptom clusters of each disorder. Participants completed a battery of self-report assessments for PTSD, MDD, GAD, and SS. All participants experienced a Criterion A traumatic event. Although SS was significantly associated with all symptom clusters, the strength of relations varied. The relation between SS and MDD-affective was significantly stronger than its association with all other factors. The relations between SS and GAD, MDD-somatic, PTSD-AAR, and PTSD-NACM did not significantly differ. These relations were stronger than the relations between SS and the remaining PTSD factors. There was no significant difference in the relations between SS and PTSD-intrusions or PTSD-avoidance. These results suggest that SS is more closely aligned to specific aspects of post-trauma psychopathology.

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Social support, posttraumatic cognitions, and PTSD: The influence of family, friends, and a close other in an interpersonal and non-interpersonal trauma group

Cited by 78 publications

References 30 publications

Psychological Distress In Canadian Men And Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Exploring The Differential Role Of Social Support

Psychological Distress In Canadian Men And Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Exploring The Differential Role Of Social Support

The Association Between Daily Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Pain Over the First 14 Days After Injury: An Experience Sampling Study

Heterogeneity in the Strength of the Relation Between Social Support and Post-Trauma Psychopathology

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