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In 1942 formal social work education in Thailand evolved within a bureaucratic model of social welfare and social security to strengthen nationalistic aims. The enactment of the Social Welfare Act in 2003 formally legitimized social work as a nation-building development strategy, and later, in 2013, the passing of the Social Work Professions Act legitimized the role of social workers. However, to understand the nature and efficacy of social work education and practice in Thailand in the current time, one needs to understand its deeper roots, which are embedded in Buddhism. In this process, it is important to realize that power can be understood in many ways and takes many forms, exercised in relationships and structures. This chapter employs a Foucauldian heterotopian approach to develop a social topology of social work education and practice in Thailand. Through the lens of four heterotopian principles—form, function, juxtaposition, and relation—this study finds that formal social work education and practice have advanced significantly from their origins in 1942, with representative bodies contributing to social work development in national, regional, and international social work forums. However, the continued reliance on imported Western curricula in schools of social work is impacting the ability of social work service delivery to be fully relevant to Thai society and its cultural communities. A growing interest in research focused on Buddhist social work highlights the need for Asian social work scholars to develop an indigenous social work model to parallel global ethical social work standards with culturally relevant modes of practice.
In 1942 formal social work education in Thailand evolved within a bureaucratic model of social welfare and social security to strengthen nationalistic aims. The enactment of the Social Welfare Act in 2003 formally legitimized social work as a nation-building development strategy, and later, in 2013, the passing of the Social Work Professions Act legitimized the role of social workers. However, to understand the nature and efficacy of social work education and practice in Thailand in the current time, one needs to understand its deeper roots, which are embedded in Buddhism. In this process, it is important to realize that power can be understood in many ways and takes many forms, exercised in relationships and structures. This chapter employs a Foucauldian heterotopian approach to develop a social topology of social work education and practice in Thailand. Through the lens of four heterotopian principles—form, function, juxtaposition, and relation—this study finds that formal social work education and practice have advanced significantly from their origins in 1942, with representative bodies contributing to social work development in national, regional, and international social work forums. However, the continued reliance on imported Western curricula in schools of social work is impacting the ability of social work service delivery to be fully relevant to Thai society and its cultural communities. A growing interest in research focused on Buddhist social work highlights the need for Asian social work scholars to develop an indigenous social work model to parallel global ethical social work standards with culturally relevant modes of practice.
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