Sociality, Parasites, and Pathogens in Bats

Webber, Quinn M. R.; Willis, Craig K. R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-38953-0_5

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…While these bat‐to‐bat contacts offer opportunities for the exchange of pathogens, including P . destructans (Lorch et al, 2011; Webber & Willis, 2016), we found that genotypes of P . destructans were mostly site‐specific and did not reflect the genotypic patterns expected if P .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The bats most often infected by P. destructans (Myotis myotis) show seasonal movements between summer roosts, swarming sites and hibernacula, where they regularly interact with conspecifics and sometimes with bats of other species (Kunz & Fenton, 2005;Steffens et al, 2007). While these bat-to-bat contacts offer opportunities for the exchange of pathogens, including P. destructans (Lorch et al, 2011;Webber & Willis, 2016), we found that genotypes of P. destructans were mostly site-specific and did not reflect the genotypic patterns expected if P. destructans was readily exchanged between bats at different periods of the year. If bats became infected before they arrive in the hibernaculum where they spend winter (i.e., their hibernaculum), their movement between sites while already infected should cause significant transfer of genotypes leading to a homogenous population of P. destructans with low rates of differentiation, low rates of correct assignment, and a greater number of shared genotypes between hibernacula.…”

Section: Ta B L E 2 Information Onmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White‐Nose disease in bats

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Ta B L E 2 Information Onmentioning

confidence: 56%

Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White‐Nose disease in bats

et al. 2021

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“…Considering that temperate bats also hang close to each other and often form dense clusters in maternity roosts, frequent exchange of pathogens like P. destructans spores on fur/skin would be very likely (e.g. Webber & Willis, 2016). Bats from the hibernacula sampled for this study use the same maternity roost in summer (Steffens et al, 2007; bat ringing centre Dresden pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of white-nose disease in bats

Fischer

Altewischer

Ranpal

et al. 2021

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Emerging infectious diseases pose a major threat to human, animal, and plant health. The risk of species-extinctions increases when pathogens can survive in the absence of the host, for example in environmental reservoirs. However, identifying such reservoirs and modes of infection is often highly challenging. In this study, we investigated the presence and nature of an environmental reservoir for the ascomycete fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of white-nose disease. We also characterised the modes and timing of transmission of the pathogen; key elements to better understand the disease dynamics. Using 18 microsatellite markers, we determined the genotypic and genic (based on allele frequencies) differentiation between 1,497 P. destructans isolates collected from nine closely situated hibernacula in North-Eastern Germany. One hibernaculum was the focus of intensive sampling in which both the bats and walls of the site were sampled at regular intervals over five consecutive winter seasons (1,062 isolates). We found significant genic differentiation between sites and few multi-locus genotypes shared across hibernacula (genotypic differentiation). This demonstrates that each hibernaculum has an essentially unique population of the fungus. This would be expected if bats purge viable P. destructans over the summer, preventing the mixing and exchange of the pathogen in maternity colonies, where bats from all of the studied hibernacula meet. Results from the intensively sampled site show higher measures of genotypic richness on walls compared to bats, the absence of genic differentiation between bats and walls, and stable relative abundance of multi-locus genotypes over multiple winter seasons. This clearly implicates hibernacula walls as the main environmental reservoir of the pathogen, from which bats become re-infected annually.

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“…Aside from anthropogenic threats such as hunting, parasitism poses another serious threat to the health of bats. Ectoparasites in particular are known to affect the physical conditions and therefore impact the long-term viability of the population (Webber and Willis 2016). Although no direct effect of ectoparasites on bat mortality has been observed, some studies have shown that ectoparasites tend to decrease bats' fecundity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Nangoy M, Ransaleleh T, Lengkong H, Koneri R, Latinne A, Kyes RC. 2021. Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3075-3082. Bats play an important role in the ecosystem as pollinators, seed dispersers, and predators, therefore, this study aims to identify the diversity of fruit bat species and ectoparasites at Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was conducted from May to July 2019, and carried out in three different habitats, namely primary and secondary forest, as well as agricultural land. Besides, the bats were caught using a mist net while the ectoparasites were collected and identified using morphological criteria. A total of 253 bats were sampled representing 10 species (all belonging to the family Pteropodidae) namely Cynopterus brachyotis (24.90%), C. luzoniensis (9.88%), Dobsonia exoleta (1.19%), Macroglossus minimus (3.16%), Nictymene cephalotes (4.75%), N. minutus (0.79%), Rousettus amplexicaudatus (17%), R. celebensis (20.95%), Thoopterus nigrescens (17%), and Thoopterus sp. (0.4%). Cynopterus brachyotis was the most abundant species (n = 63). Meanwhile, a total of 479 ectoparasites were collected and identified as belonging to three families, namely Nycteribiidae, Streblidae, and Spinturnicidae. Nycteribiidae (genus Leptocyclopodia) was the most abundant ectoparasite taxa (n= 475) while the highest mean abundance and intensity were observed for the genus Thoopterus and Rousettus. This study provides important baseline data for future reference in monitoring bat population status and conservation efforts in the region. Given the close relationship between the local people and bats (e.g. hunting and consumption), more work is needed to address the potential pathogen risks from zoonotic transmission, both from bats and the respective ectoparasites.

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Sociality, Parasites, and Pathogens in Bats

Cited by 14 publications

References 156 publications

Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White‐Nose disease in bats

Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White‐Nose disease in bats

Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of white-nose disease in bats

Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

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