Societal costs and burden of otitis media in Portugal

Speets, Anouk M.; Wolleswinkel, J; Cardoso, Cristina

doi:10.2147/jmdh.s17529

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In our cohort, all patients had a physician diagnosis of AOM, and for most, a basic AOM-related examination, such as ear inspection and cleaning (including suction), was performed. A small proportion of children were hospitalized, and while most children received antibiotics, the relatively high rate of antibiotic use is similar to that reported in previous studies [ 3 , 14 , 26 , 27 ]. More intensive treatment (e.g., ventilation tube placement, hospitalization) was required as a consequence of AOM complications in a small number of both recurrent and non-recurrent AOM cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“… EQ-5D EuroQoL-5 Dimension questionnaire a The Malaysian EQ-5D Index-based health state is scored between 0.131 (worst imaginable health state) and 1 (best imaginable health state) [ 26 ] b The EQ-5D Disutility Score is based on Shafie et al [ 25 ]; gender norms minus observed EQ-5D score. Lower scores are better …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a The Malaysian EQ-5D Index-based health state is scored between 0.131 (worst imaginable health state) and 1 (best imaginable health state) [ 26 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Pediatric Acute Otitis Media on Child and Parental Quality of Life and Associated Productivity Loss in Malaysia: A Prospective Observational Study

Crawford

Hashim

Prepageran

et al. 2016

Drugs - Real World Outcomes

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BackgroundAcute otitis media (AOM) affects both child and parental quality of life (QoL). Data on QoL associated with AOM in Malaysia is sparse, and the burden of indirect costs have not been previously reported.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of pediatric AOM on child and parental QoL in Malaysia and its economic impact (indirect costs).MethodsWe utilized a set of QoL questionnaires (PAR-AOM-QOL, OM-6, and EQ-5D) combined with questions addressing work/productivity loss and financial costs associated with caring for a child during his or her illness in an observational, multicenter, prospective study.ResultsOne hundred and ten AOM patients aged ≤5 years were included in the analysis. The majority of respondents were the patient’s mother. Parental QoL was negatively affected for both emotional and daily disturbance scales, but the level of disturbance was low. Using OM-6, the greatest negative impact was on the child’s QoL, followed by caregiver concerns, physical suffering, and emotional distress. Using EQ-5D, a moderately positive relationship between parents’ emotional disturbance and daily disturbance, and a weak, negative correlation between parental emotional disturbance and parental health status was found. Parents with paid employment took an average of 21 h from work to care for their child, at an average cost of 321.8 Malaysian ringgit (US$97) in addition to their contribution to direct medical costs. Productivity losses whilst at work, uncompensated wage losses, and leisure time losses are also reported.ConclusionsThis study found that AOM is associated with some negative impact on parental QoL and significant economic impact at both patient and societal levels. The findings provide useful data on healthcare resource utilization and disease burden of AOM in Malaysia.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40801-016-0099-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Pediatric Acute Otitis Media on Child and Parental Quality of Life and Associated Productivity Loss in Malaysia: A Prospective Observational Study

Crawford

Hashim

Prepageran

et al. 2016

Drugs - Real World Outcomes

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“…In Australia, between AUD 100 and 400 million was spent in treating otitis media in 2008 [4], and USD 497 million was spent in South Korea in 2012 [5]. The estimated total costs for otitis media in Portugal were EUR 334 million in 2009 [6]. Apart from major financial costs internationally noted in treating otitis media, considerable physical, social and emotional burdens may be experienced by the affected children and their caregivers [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otitis media with effusion in children: Cross-frequency correlation in pure tone audiometry

et al. 2019

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Different guidelines are adopted in clinics and countries to assess pure tone hearing sensitivity in children with otitis media with effusion (OME). Some guidelines specify a broad range of audiometric frequencies that must be tested and from which average thresholds determined, while others leave test frequencies unspecified. For guidelines that suggest specific frequencies there are various pure tone frequencies and frequency ranges given. The present study investigated whether (1) a full range of audiometric frequencies is required to evaluate hearing loss caused by OME in children, or if neighboring frequencies provide essentially the same threshold information, and (2) if different combinations of test frequency pure tone averaging calculations may affect decision criteria for surgical treatment. In a retrospective cohort study, right and left ear air conduction pure tone threshold data were obtained, from 125 Hz to 8 kHz, for 96 children with OME aged 4 to 12 years. Paired t-tests, correlation tests (Pearson’s r, Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation) and absolute differences were used to examine the relationships among pure tone audiometric (PTA) frequencies for all ears with hearing loss. 168 ears were found to have OME-related hearing loss. Only the 125 Hz—250 Hz comparison showed no statistically significant difference between neighboring thresholds. However, only the 4 kHz and 8 kHz comparison showed a clinically significant mean difference of ≥ 10 dB. When viewing individual differences, comparison between 250 Hz and 500 Hz, 125 Hz and 500 Hz, and 4 kHz and 8 kHz, showed a large number of ears with clinically significant differences between test frequencies. Comparisons among low frequency 3 PTA average (500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz), high frequency 3 PTA average (1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz), and 4 frequency PTA average (500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz) showed no statistically significant differences, with very strong correlations for all comparisons. In addition, for all the combinations of PTA averages, no clinically significant differences were found for the various comparisons or among individual results. Clinically, testing hearing sensitivity in the 125 Hz to 8 kHz range is worthwhile in evaluating hearing sensitivity in children with OME due to large individual variability across audiometric frequencies. However, frequencies tested for criterion averages for surgical treatments of children with OME may be restricted to 3 frequency PTA averages, either an average of 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz or an average of 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz, as no clinically significant differences were found using these or a 4 frequency averaging technique. For research purposes, 250 Hz can proxy for hearing thresholds at 125 Hz; and the low frequency 3 PTA average, high frequency 3 PTA average and 4 frequency PTA average may be used interchangeably, as no statistically significant differences were found among these measures.

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“…Streptococcus pneumoniae , nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis , and Streptococcus pyogenes are the most common bacterial pathogens that cause AOM [ 2 ]. Several studies have shown that in recent years, even outside the pandemic period, incidence of AOM has declined worldwide [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In the USA, between 2011 and 2016 the annual incidence of AOM in children aged 0–9 years was reduced by about 25% [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approaches and Technologies to Improve Accuracy of Acute Otitis Media Diagnosis

et al. 2021

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Several studies have shown that in recent years incidence of acute otitis media (AOM) has declined worldwide. However, related medical, social, and economic problems for patients, their families, and society remain very high. Better knowledge of potential risk factors for AOM development and more effective preventive interventions, particularly in AOM-prone children, can further reduce disease incidence. However, a more accurate AOM diagnosis seems essential to achieve this goal. Diagnostic uncertainty is common, and to avoid risks related to a disease caused mainly by bacteria, several children without AOM are treated with antibiotics and followed as true AOM cases. The main objective of this manuscript is to discuss the most common difficulties that presently limit accurate AOM diagnosis and the new approaches and technologies that have been proposed to improve disease detection. We showed that misdiagnosis can be dangerous or lead to relevant therapeutic mistakes. The need to improve AOM diagnosis has allowed the identification of a long list of technologies to visualize and evaluate the tympanic membrane and to assess middle-ear effusion. Most of the new instruments, including light field otoscopy, optical coherence tomography, low-coherence interferometry, and Raman spectroscopy, are far from being introduced in clinical practice. Video-otoscopy can be effective, especially when it is used in association with telemedicine, parents’ cooperation, and artificial intelligence. Introduction of otologic telemedicine and use of artificial intelligence among pediatricians and ENT specialists must be strongly promoted in order to reduce mistakes in AOM diagnosis.

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Societal costs and burden of otitis media in Portugal

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of Pediatric Acute Otitis Media on Child and Parental Quality of Life and Associated Productivity Loss in Malaysia: A Prospective Observational Study

Impact of Pediatric Acute Otitis Media on Child and Parental Quality of Life and Associated Productivity Loss in Malaysia: A Prospective Observational Study

Otitis media with effusion in children: Cross-frequency correlation in pure tone audiometry

New Approaches and Technologies to Improve Accuracy of Acute Otitis Media Diagnosis

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