Socio-behavioural factors and early childhood caries: a cross-sectional study of preschool children in central Trinidad

Naidu, Rahul; Nunn, June; Kelly, Alan

doi:10.1186/1472-6831-13-30

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…ECC was found in 74.2% of the enrolled children and S-ECC was diagnosed in 40.1%. The prevalence and severity of dental caries in these children increased with age, probably because of longer exposure to environmental cariogenic challenges, as reported in other studies [3, 32]. The caries prevalence in this study was high compared with that in other populations around the world [4, 7, 22, 33, 34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Risk determinants associated with early childhood caries in Uygur children: a preschool-based cross-sectional study

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) varies with geographical region and population. The Uygur people, one of 55 officially recognized ethnic minorities in China, have a population of 10,069,346. We performed a preschool-based cross-sectional study of 670 Uygur children from the southern region of Xinjiang, China, to investigate the prevalence and severity of ECC and to identify factors related to the dental health condition of this population.MethodsThe study population of children ranging in age from 3 to 5 years was invited using a three-stage stratified sampling in Kashgar, the westernmost city in China. The “dmft” index was used to assess dental caries. The diagnosis of ECC or severe ECC was based on the oral health diagnostic criteria defined by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. A questionnaire was completed by the children’s caregivers. The survey included questions concerning the children’s sociodemographic background; feeding and eating habits, particularly frequency of sweet beverage and food consumption; dental hygiene-related behaviors; the general oral health knowledge of caregivers; and the dental healthcare experience of caregivers and their children.ResultsA total of 670 Uygur children underwent complete dental caries examination. Most of the children (74.2%) had ECC, with a mean dmft ± SD of 3.95 ± 3.84. The prevalence of severe ECC was 40.1% (N =269), with a mean dmft of 7.72 ± 3.14. More than 99% of caries were untreated. Statistically significant correlations were found between higher ECC prevalence and increased age and lower socioeconomic background, while greater dental health knowledge of the caregiver and positive oral hygiene behaviors were found to be protective. Our findings confirm the multi-factorial etiology of ECC.ConclusionsThe prevalence of ECC among preschool-aged Uygur children in Kashgar was high, particularly among those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Caries prevalence was associated with oral hygiene behaviors of children and the general oral health knowledge of caregivers. These factors could be modified through public health strategies, including effective publicity concerning general dental health and practical health advice.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1472-6831-14-136) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Risk determinants associated with early childhood caries in Uygur children: a preschool-based cross-sectional study

et al. 2014

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“…Of these children, 50.2% were male, with an age range of 3 to 5 years-old and mean age of 3.7 years (sd 0.67). Full results for visible caries experience have been reported previously [10]. Socio-demographic characteristic for parents/primary caregivers, together with information on ECOHIS and dmft for those children who completed the oral health assessment, are shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In central Trinidad, the prevalence of ECC among 251 preschool children was reported as 29.1% with the majority of this being untreated, decayed teeth and 12% of children were in need of urgent care or referral [10]. Affordability and access to dental care for people from lower socioeconomic groups and those living in rural locations is a challenge in Trinidad and Tobago as most of the county’s registered dentists work in private practices, generally clustered in urban centers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health-related quality of life and early childhood caries among preschool children in Trinidad

2016

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BackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC) is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and ECC among preschool children in a Caribbean population.MethodParents/primary caregivers of children attending nine, randomly selected preschools in central Trinidad were invited to complete an oral health questionnaire and have their child undertake an oral examination. The questionnaire included the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Visible caries experience was assessed using WHO criteria. Logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with OHRQoL and ECC.ResultsThree hundred nine parents/caregivers participated in the study (age-range 25–44 years) and 251 children (mean age 3.7 years) completed oral examinations. Adjusting for other factors, the odds for a child aged 4 years of having dental caries were greater than the odds for a child aged 3 years (OR 3.61; 95% CI (1.76, 6.83). The odds for children having difficulty drinking hot or cold drinks were greater for those with dental caries than the odds for children who have no such difficulty. Similarly, the odds for children who had difficulty eating were greater for those with dental caries than the odds ratios for children who had no difficulty eating (OR 8.29; 95% CI (2.00, 43.49). Adjusting for the effects of other factors, the odds of parents/caregivers feeling guilty were greater if their child had experienced dental caries in comparison to parents/caregivers whose child did not have dental caries (OR 3.50; 95% CI (1.32, 9.60). Adjusting for other factors, the odds of parents/primary caregivers having poor quality of life was increased when they had a child with a dmft in the range 1–3 (OR 2.68; 95% CI (1.30, 5.64) dmft > 4 (OR 8.58; 95%CI (3.71, 22.45), in comparison to those whose child had a dmft = 0.ConclusionIn this sample of preschool children OHRQoL was associated with ECC. More negative impacts were found in children with a greater severity of visible caries experience. This suggests the need for strategies to prevent and manage ECC in this Caribbean population.

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“…However, the percentage of those capable of detecting decayed primary teeth was rather low (65%), so it is necessary for them to attend special training sessions in cooperation with professionals. Previous studies showed that primary and secondary caregivers sought professional dental care mainly for children with severe symptoms of tooth decay (35,40,41). These results indicate that caregivers generally make inadequate efforts to monitor children's dental health status, promote and implement preventive programs related to EEC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Measuring Potential of Preschool Facility Staff to Prevent Early Childhood Caries

Jaksic-Gvozdic¹,

Janković²,

Pajović³

et al. 2016

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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The aim of this study was to investigate the possible potential of preschool staff through a newly designed questionnaire and evaluate their role in the prevention of early childhood caries (EEC) in Serbia where extremely high prevalence of this preventable disease was recorded.We preformed a cross-sectional study of 268 preschool staff using specially prepared semistructured questionnaire for measuring potential of secondary children's caregivers to prevent EEC. The questionnaire was tested on a pilot sample and after that all collected data were analyzed trough construction of correlation matrix with the evaluation of the value of each question, reliability testing, factorial analysis and estimating of its validity using SPSS software.The tested questionnaire had good internal consistency based on the Cronbach's alpha coefficient value of 0.873 calculated directly and similar value (0.899) after applied Spearman-Brown "prediction" formula. Using exploratory factorial analysis and orthogonal rotation, we identified two domains that emerged with similar loadings (4.043 and 3.183). The first factor (domain) reflected attitudes of the study participants towards prevention of EEC, and the second factor (domain) showed behaviour of the study participants, which includes preventive actions against EEC.The total score of the questionnaire was correlated positively with oral health knowledge (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.331, p=000) and inversely with the length of employment, where each additional year of employment decreased the total score of the questionnaire by 1.20. These findings could partially explain an extremely high prevalence of EEC in young children and indicate that preschool teachers should be more engaged in health education activities and motivation programs.

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Socio-behavioural factors and early childhood caries: a cross-sectional study of preschool children in central Trinidad

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Risk determinants associated with early childhood caries in Uygur children: a preschool-based cross-sectional study

Risk determinants associated with early childhood caries in Uygur children: a preschool-based cross-sectional study

Oral health-related quality of life and early childhood caries among preschool children in Trinidad

Measuring Potential of Preschool Facility Staff to Prevent Early Childhood Caries

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