Socio-demographic factors of cesarean births in Nha Trang city, Vietnam: a community-based survey

Abstract

Background The cesarean section rate in Vietnam has been increasing especially in urban area. However, limited evidence identified regarding socio-demographic factors of the cesarean section birth. The objective of this study was to determine the current cesarean birth rate and the associated socio-demographic factors among mothers in Nha Trang city, south-central Vietnam. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October and November in 2016 as part of a Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage survey conducted in 27 communes of Nha Trang city. From each commune, 120 mothers and their children less than 2 years old were randomly selected. Mothers were asked to answer standardized questions regarding socio-demographic information and mode of birth. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to examine associations between socio-demographic variables and mode of birth. Results Of 3148 participants, the number of cesarean births was 1396 (44.3 %). Older maternal age (≥ 30 years old), having another child going to school or kindergarten, monthly income more than 644 USD, gestational weeks at birth over 42 weeks, and low (< 2500 g) or high (≥ 3500 g) birth weight were associated with higher likelihood of cesarean births. Conclusion The CS rate obtained in this study was more than twice of what is recommended by the World Health Organization, which is consistent with the previous nation-wide study in Viet Nam. Further monitoring is suggested to examine the non-medical reason for the increased CS rate.

Factors associated with the very high caesarean section rate in urban areas of Vietnam

“…The caesarean section rate in current study is also higher than the rate of caesarean section rate of 27.5% in Vietnam from 2011 to 2014 reported by UNICEF [ 2 ] and average caesarean section rate of 15.9% in South-eastern Asia [ 2 ]. However, this rate is consistent with the rate reported in urban areas in Vietnam of study 2018 (58.6%) [ 4 ] and 2020 (44.3%) [ 11 ]. Our study was conducted in two first class cities in Vietnam and both cities are among the ten largest cities in Vietnam.…”

Intention to Exclusively Breastfeed Is Associated with Lower Rates of Cesarean Section for Nonmedical Reasons in a Cohort of Mothers in Vietnam

“…Mothers were more likely to have cesarean section at higher parity, mostly because of prior cesarean section. Prior cesarean section was the most common reason for having a repeated one, as we found in this study and other studies in Vietnam [ 15 , 18 ], and other countries [ 34 , 35 ]. Vaginal delivery after cesarean is a reasonable and safe choice for the majority of women with prior cesarean [ 36 ].…”

“…We selected other potential covariates purposively from a review of the literature [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Socioeconomic position (maternal education) and demography (maternal age, parity, history of fetal loss) were extracted from the baseline survey.…”

“…It is much higher than the overall cesarean section rate of 15.9% in South-East Asia [ 11 ]. The high rates of cesarean delivery [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], the medical indications [ 15 , 18 ], and associated sociodemographic factors [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] have been reported in previous studies. Adverse effects of cesarean delivery including poor breastfeeding outcomes [ 10 ] and childhood overweight [ 20 ] have also been reported.…”

Incidence of Intrapartum-Related Events at the Largest Obstetric Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam: A Retrospective Study

“…A study from Da Nang, the third largest city in Vietnam, reported a c-section rate of 58% in public hospitals and 70% in private hospitals [39]. Another study from Nha Trang, a tourist city in southern Vietnam, reported a c-section rate of 44% [40]. The high proportion of emergency c-sections at Phu San Hanoi Hospital might indicate a lower-than-average threshold for converting an unsatisfactory vaginal delivery progress to c-section.…”