Socio ecology of the blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni) of the Kibale Forest, Uganda

Rudran, Rasanayagam

doi:10.5479/si.00810282.249

Cited by 80 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…We used these data to determine what should be considered to be food for each primate species. We included foods (i.e., a specific part from a particular species) that constituted !4% of the time spent feeding reported by Rudran (1978) and Butynski (1990) for blue monkeys, by Waser (1975) and Olupot (1994) for mangabeys, by Harris and Chapman (2007) and Oates (1977) for black-and-white colobus, by K. D. Rode et al (2006, unpublished data) and C. M. Stickler (2004, unpublished data) for redtails, and by C. A. Chapman and L. J. Chapman (2002, unpublished data) and by Struhsaker (1975) for red colobus.…”

Section: Habitat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each specific food item for Cercopithecus mitis, the data in the first line are from Butynski (1990), and these values are the averages of study groups 1-4. The data in the second line are from Rudran (1978), and the values are for groups 1 and 2, respectively, separated by a solidus.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

“…à For L. albigena, Olupot (1994) and Rudran (1978) reported percentages of vegetable diet. Their data have been recalculated as percentages of total diet.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Chapman

Struhsaker

Skorupa

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

160

113

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Abstract. Understanding the causes of population declines often involves comprehending a complex set of interactions linking environmental and biotic changes, which in combination overwhelm a population's ability to persist. To understand these relationships, especially for long-lived large mammals, long-term data are required, but rarely available. Here we use 26-36 years of population and habitat data to determine the potential causes of group density changes for five species of primates in Kibale National Park, Uganda, in areas that were disturbed to varying intensities in the late 1960s. We calculated group density from line transect data and quantified changes in habitat structure (cumulative diameter at breast height [dbh] and food availability [cumulative dbh of food trees]) for each primate species, and for one species, we evaluated change in food nutritional quality. We found that mangabeys and black-and-white colobus group density increased, blue monkeys declined, and redtails and red colobus were stable in all areas. For blue monkeys and mangabeys, there were no significant changes in food availability over time, yet their group density changed. For redtails, neither group density measures nor food availability changed over time. For black-and-white colobus, a decrease in food availability over time in the unlogged forest surprisingly coincided with an increase in group density. Finally, while red colobus food availability and quality increased over time in the heavily logged area, their group density was stable in all areas. We suggest that these populations are in nonequilibrium states. If such states occur frequently, it suggests that large protected areas will be required to protect species so that declines in some areas can be compensated for by increases in adjacent areas with different histories.

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Section: Habitat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Chapman

Struhsaker

Skorupa

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

160

113

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“…子 (Lambert, 1999) (1) 灵长类动物的个体特征, 如形态特征(口腔和肠道特点)、生理特征(食物消化时间)和行为习惯等因素, 均影响它们取食和传播植物的果实和种子。许多灵长类动物有着较长的消化道, 食物滞留时间(gut retention time)较长 (Maisels, 1993), 往往能取食大量的种子 (Rudran, 1978) (Estrada & Coates-Estrada, 1984;Chapman, 1989;Andresen, 1999) …”

Section: 取食植物果实排出或吐出大量具有萌发能力的种unclassified

Seed dispersal by primates

Chen¹,

Wang²,

Xiang³

2017

Biodiversity Science

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“…Observations began at dawn (~0500-0600 h) after the gibbons woke and ended when they reached their sleeping tree at around 1500 h. Field assistants aided me by locating and following gibbon groups, and pointing out positions, activities, and food consumption by gibbons. Diet was determined using time point sampling with a frequency method (Struhsaker, 1975;Rudran, 1978;National Research Council, 1981). During group follows, time budget data was collected at intervals of five minutes for the whole group, meaning that group activity was designated by a single behavior.…”

Section: 2d Data Collection: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of White-Cheeked Crested Gibbons in Laos

Ruppell

2000

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The endangered white-cheeked crested gibbon (Nomascus leucogenys), native to Laos, Vietnam, and perhaps China, remains little known and highly threatened. I studied seasonal variation in the diet, activity budget, and ranging behavior of three groups of white-cheeked crested gibbons in Nam Kading National Protected Area, Bolikhamxay Province, Laos, over 12 months in wet seasonal evergreen forest. Crested gibbons (Nomascus spp.) are speculated to be more folivorous than other gibbons, but this has never been confirmed because of the paucity of fieldwork on the genus. I studied diet in relation to forest seasonality to determine the contribution of leaves to the diet over an annual cycle. Although leaves were the main dietary item throughout the year (53-85% of monthly diet), gibbons substantially increased their consumption of fruit during periods when it was most abundant in the forest. Because fruit is a calorically rich source of food, gibbons seek fruit when it is abundant and obtained easily. Young leaf consumption increased when they did not have access to fruit, indicating that their diet is flexible but strongly dependent on seasonal availability of resources. In addition, rainfall had a negative association with fruit abundance and fruit in diet.Activity budgets are an important aspect of a species' ecology because they are directly related to home range use, energy allocation, and diet, but they have never before been studied in gibbons (Nomascus spp.) of the rainy, mountainous, forests of Laos.Annually, the three groups that I studied spent nearly equal amounts of time resting (30%), feeding (33%), and traveling (35%), but only a small amount of time singing (2%). However, the proportion of time allocated to different activities showed significant ii seasonal variation associated with rainfall and diet, and correlated with home range use.Gibbons increased traveling time and decreased feeding time when they ate more fruit, and they decreased traveling time and increased feeding time when they ate more leaves.When the gibbons spent more of their time traveling, they also had longer day range lengths, and used a higher percentage of their total home range. Moreover, when rainfall was high, the gibbons decreased traveling time and increased time resting and feeding.Average home range size was 37.9 hectares and daily average distance over which the gibbons ranged over the 12 month study was 1.48 km per day. Differences existed among the three groups. Overall, white-cheeked crested gibbons have a home range similar in size or larger than frugivorous gibbons, and larger than the folivorous siamang. Ranging was highly seasonal with shorter day ranges during times of low fruit availability and consumption. During times of high fruit availability and low rainfall, the gibbons took on an energy maximizing strategy where they maintained large home ranges, traveled longer distances and consumed larger quantities of fruit.Gibbons and their habitat in Laos have faced continuous threats over the past 10 years ...

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Socio ecology of the blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni) of the Kibale Forest, Uganda

Cited by 80 publications

References 0 publications

Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Seed dispersal by primates

Ecology of White-Cheeked Crested Gibbons in Laos

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