Socio-economic determinants of anemia in pregnancy in North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundGlobally, anemia in pregnancy increases maternal, fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. According to 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, 22% of pregnant women in Ethiopia were reported to be anemic. However, since the Ethiopian population is diverse with regard to culture, religion and other characteristics, this evidence may not represent the condition in our study area. So, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among women receiving Antenatal Care (ANC) in Debre Berhan Town Hospitals and Clinics.MethodsWe conducted an institution based cross sectional study among women receiving ANC at hospitals and clinics in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia from September to November, 2013. Antenatal care providers in the respective health facilities collected the data by interview and observation using closed and open-ended questions. We computed frequencies and percentages to describe the data. We performed bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. STATA version 12 was used to carry out the analyses.ResultsA total of 295 participants completed the study, with a response rate of 89%. This study demonstrated a 10% prevalence of anemia out of which 64.3%, 32% and 4% of the respondents were with mild, moderate and severe anemia respectively. Anemia was statistically significantly associated with education and occupation.ConclusionThe prevalence of anemia in our study area is lower than previous studies’ findings. Literacy and job status of the women were predictors of anemia in pregnancy. Since this study was conducted on women who had an opportunity to visit health facilities, it is more valuable to conduct community based research to better understand the problem in the study area and thus propose future deliverable.

Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis ababa, Ethiopia - a cross sectional type of study

“…Pregnant women having parasitic infestation were nearly 12 times AOR = 11.886(95% CI 5.606, 25.204) more likely to be anemic than their counterparts. This nding is consistent with studies conducted in Gondar (28), Shire 14, Adigrat (27), and North Shoa (9). This might be due to the reason that parasites attach and injure upper intestinal mucosa and ingest blood.…”

“…The possible reasons for the difference may be resulted from geographical variation of factors across different areas. In addition, lower magnitude can be attributed to gradual improvement of life style and living standards, using the iron supplementation ordered by the physician during follow up (23) This study nding showed a slightly higher magnitude than studies conducted in Hawassa (15.3%) (24) ,Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital (14.1%) (25), Adama town (11.3%) (26), North Shoa zone (9.7%) (9) and Adigrat General Hospital 7.9% (27). This variation might be due to differences in sample size, study design, study period, study setting, and socio-demographic characteristics.…”

“…According to literatures the predisposing factors for anemia in pregnant women are, socioeconomic status, Parasitic Infestation (Malaria and Helminthes), and obstetric condition (5).The cutoff point suggested by United States Center for Diseases Control to determine anemia is when a hemoglobin level is less than 11 g/dl in the rst and third trimester and less than 10.5 g/dl in the second trimester of pregnancy (6).The World Health Organization (WHO) de ned anemia as hemoglobin concentration below 11 g/dl in pregnancy and will classify as mild, moderate and severe (7).The estimated global magnitude is 42% in pregnant women and it is a major cause of maternal mortality (8). In Africa 57.1% of the pregnant women were Anemic, more over anemia in pregnant women is a sever public health problem, in Ethiopia 29% and also different studies were conducted on magnitude of anemia among pregnant women, the magnitude range being from 9.7% in North Shoa Zone to 56.8% in Eastern Ethiopia (9). Studying the speci c etiology and magnitude of anemia in a given setting and population group is very important to prevent or treat anemia (10).However, there is very little data available in the study area.…”

Determinants of anemia among pregnant women: A hospital based cross sectional study

“…But we did not find any mean value difference of hemoglobin levels across education and occupation. 9 Belachew T et al found that the prevalence of anemia was 38.2%. They also observed that the mean value of the hemoglobin was 11.3 gm/dl.…”

Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at st. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, July, 2019

“…According to literatures the predisposing factors for anemia in pregnant women include, socioeconomic status, Parasitic Infestation (Malaria and Helminthes), and obstetric condition (5).The cutoff point suggested by United States Center for Diseases Control to determine anemia is when a hemoglobin level is less than 11g/dl in the first and third trimester and less than 10.5 g/dl in the second trimester of pregnancy (6).The World Health Organization (WHO) defined anemia as hemoglobin concentration below 11g/dl in pregnancy and will classify as mild, moderate and severe (7).The estimated global magnitude is 42% in pregnant women and it is a major cause of maternal mortality (8). In Africa 57.1% of the pregnant women were Anemic, more over anemia in pregnant women is a sever public health problem, in Ethiopia 29% and also different studies were conducted on magnitude of anemia among pregnant women, the magnitude range being from 9.7% in North Shoa Zone to 56.8% in Eastern Ethiopia (9). Studying the specific etiology and magnitude of anemia in a given setting and population group is very important to prevent or treat anemia (10).However, there is very little data available in the study area.…”