Sociobiology, Racism and Australian Colonisation

Ardill, Allan

doi:10.1080/10383441.2009.10854631

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After Broca tested his comparative brain-size hypothesis most likely through the white pepper seed method, he could not substantiate that people of African descent had smaller brains than Europeans. The results of Broca's study verified his misconceptions about African-descended people, but he refused to accept the outcome of his investigation (Ardill, 2014). Broca, therefore, purposefully misreported his findings, which, according to Serenko and Dumay (2015), is not an uncommon practice among researchers.…”

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nonetheless, during the latter 19 th century, phrenology gained momentum in the United States and in Europe. Ardill (2014), for instance, discussed the practices of French Anatomist, Paul Broca, who utilized phrenological principles to explain mental capacity in relation to brain size among different races. Broca contended that a large brain size equated to sophisticated reasoning and a certain degree of social power (Sysling, 2018).…”

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broca contended that a large brain size equated to sophisticated reasoning and a certain degree of social power (Sysling, 2018). Guided by this position, Broca hypothesized that people of African descent lacked cognitive ability because their brains were smaller than the brains of Europeans (Ardill, 2014). The impetus for Broca's assessment was the idea propagated by Morton and other phrenologists that racial classification equated to differences in cognitive abilities although, based on scientific evidence, all humans are of the same species and have the same brain size of approximately 1450 cubic centimeters (Asante, 2015, p. 12).…”

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broca, therefore, purposefully misreported his findings, which, according to Serenko and Dumay (2015), is not an uncommon practice among researchers. Instead of documenting the accurate brain measurements of African-descended people, Broca, like Morton, falsified them to present the impression that people of African descent were cognitively inadequate in comparison with Europeans (Ardill, 2014).…”

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like Montesquieu and Locke, Mann thought that people of European descent were cognitively superior to all others. Furthermore, phrenological advocates perpetuated the idea that cognitive disposition and ability are inheritable characteristics (Ardill, 2014;Cornel, 2017;Jenkins, 2015). 2007) cited an opinion-response survey about intelligence that officials administered to Euro-American ethnic groups during the latter 1930s.…”

Section: Horace Mannmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The intelligence concept and racial classification as sociological products of Western education

Cook

2021

Sociology Compass

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article is a historical examination of how Western theorists created and utilized the intelligence concept and aligned it with racial classification to determine cognitive abilities. By the 1900s, Western theorists, without evidence, declared that intelligence exists as an inheritable, unchangeable mental condition. Influential Western theorists have exploited the intelligence concept to categorize the cognitive abilities of European descendants above that of non‐Whites, particularly African‐descended people as incessant deliberations emerged regarding the value of either cognitively superior or inferior racially defined groups. By interrelating geographical location with shared physical characteristics, Western theorists non‐scientifically divided the human family based on physical similarities among people and referred to them as races. These theorists incorporated the intelligence concept with racial classification as a sociological principle for educational development. According to the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, however, everyone has one or more forms of several intelligences. Although this theory appears to portray a different understanding from the original intelligence concept, it categorizes racial groups and individuals as having fixed levels of cognitive ability. Emphasizing intelligence as a descriptive factor to determine cognitive ability is an unscientific, unequitable characterization that has been employed to explain levels of social awareness and academic performance in Western education.

show abstract

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Making Of Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Horace Mannmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The intelligence concept and racial classification as sociological products of Western education

Cook

2021

Sociology Compass

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Coloniser control and the art of disremembering a “dark history”: Duality in Australia Day and Australian history

Lipscombe

Dzidic

Garvey

2019

Community & Applied Soc Psy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Often, colonisation is considered a single, past event; in actuality, colonisation is a continual enculturating practice that galvanises historical Indigenous inequality and colonial privilege. This study deconstructs social tension surround Australia Day—the national day of celebration that for some is seen as the date marking the beginning of Australia but for others marks invasion. Given that the date of celebration marks the beginning of non‐Indigenous privilege and Indigenous disadvantage in Australia, debate exists as to whether the date should remain the same. Twelve people, self‐identified as wanting the date of Australia Day to stay the same, participated in semistructured interviews; transcripts were analysed using causal layered analysis. Findings suggest an unstable national identity centred on a denial of past and present oppression of Indigenous peoples—the past is conceptualised as having little relevance to present‐day Indigenous inequalities. Findings generated appear transferable to understanding social tensions that arise in colonised states globally, particularly relating to Indigenous inequalities and colonist privilege. Exploring Australia Day acts as a conduit for understanding how social psychological barriers occur to deny historical and present social injustices and positively constructs oppression within colonist states.

show abstract

Indigenous and ‘Settler’ Relationships, Episodic and Structural Violence

Mellor

2011

Peace Psychology in Australia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sociobiology, Racism and Australian Colonisation

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

The intelligence concept and racial classification as sociological products of Western education

The intelligence concept and racial classification as sociological products of Western education

Coloniser control and the art of disremembering a “dark history”: Duality in Australia Day and Australian history

Indigenous and ‘Settler’ Relationships, Episodic and Structural Violence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About