Sociodemographic and Health-Related Factors Associated with Severity of Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients Hospital-ized in a Geriatric Clinic

Abstract

Identification of risk factors for cognitive impairment is crucial for providing proper care and treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and health-related factors and the severity of cognitive impairment in elderly patients. In this retrospective study, we assessed the medical documentation of 323 patients aged 60+ years hospitalized in a geriatric clinic of university hospital. The patients were classified into five groups of cognitive impairment severity based on the Mini Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test. Kruskal-Wallis and Chi square tests and multivariate ordinal logistic regression were used to assess relationships involved. Cognitive impairment was identified in 84.2% of subjects. The following factors were indicative for higher level of cognitive disorders: primary and vocational education, older age, presence of vascular brain injury, and inability of walking independently. On the other hand, the factors associated with lower severity of cognitive impairment were co-morbid anxiety disorders, ischemic heart disease, and a higher BMI index. Dementia is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the elderly. Enhancing knowledge about the risk factors that worsen cognition is particularly relevant for accelerating the diagnosis of dementia and improving patient care.

Sociodemographic factors associated with the level of knowledge about management of epileptic patients in Peruvian dental students: a cross-sectional study under a multivariable analysis

“…It should be noted that the present type of study may have potential selection biases since dental students presented different sociodemographic characteristics. For this reason, possible confounding variables such as year of study, marital status, place of origin, and area of residence were controlled [ 54 , 55 ]. On the other hand, the questionnaire was administered virtually asynchronously with a time limit of 10 min and without the possibility of repetition, to avoid greater bias [ 36 ].…”

Synthesis, in Vitro Cholinesterase Inhibition, Molecular Docking, DFT, and ADME Studies of Novel 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole‐2‐Thiol Derivatives

“…Conferring to World Alzheimer's Report 2019, 50 million persons were suffering from this disease worldwide and by 2050 the pervasiveness of AD is expected to rise three times. Several modifications/changes occur in the brain with the progression of the disease, that is, there is a decrease in cholinergic impulse, increased production of ROS (reactive oxygen species) which exert their toxic effects, and initiation of neuroinflammatory processes in which amyloid plaques play their role [1–3] . Several hypotheses are reported to express the occurrence and progression of AD.…”

“…Several modifications/changes occur in the brain with the progression of the disease, that is, there is a decrease in cholinergic impulse, increased production of ROS (reactive oxygen species) which exert their toxic effects, and initiation of neuroinflammatory processes in which amyloid plaques play their role. [1][2][3] Several hypotheses are reported to express the occurrence and progression of AD. The cholinergic hypothesis is one of the known therapeutic strategies which postulates that cholinesterase en-zymes are responsible for the regulation of cholinergic neurotransmission and a decline in this ability can lead to AD.…”

Latent profile analysis of cognitive function and depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

“…According to the Seventh National Population Census results, in 2020 the number of people over 60 years old reached 18.7% of the total population, with 13.5% of the total population over 65 years old 1 . The rising incidence of chronic disorders such as cognitive impairment is directly related to population ageing 2 . In the aged, cognitive impairment manifests itself as a decline in abilities such as episodic memory, immediate memory, etc 3 .…”

“…1 The rising incidence of chronic disorders such as cognitive impairment is directly related to population ageing. 2 In the aged, cognitive impairment manifests itself as a decline in abilities such as episodic memory, immediate memory, etc. 3 Age, gender, religious belief, marital status, education level, and pension mode are all major risk factors for cognitive impairment.…”