Sociodemographic determinants of non-accidental traumatic injuries in children

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on presentation and severity of traumatic injury due to physical child abuse across US children's hospitals

“…Our findings are concordant with the literature regarding risk factors for physical child abuse [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , although subtle differences were found in our analysis that may be related to factors associated with the regional and temporal differences in the spread of COVID-19 and resulting political and socioeconomic factors. We found that younger age, public insurance, and geographic location were associated with increased physical child abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic ( Table 1 ) [22] , [23] , [24] . Rates decreased the most in the Northeast Census Region which may be related to the earliest emergence of the pandemic and associated stay-at-home orders [10] .…”

Pediatric trauma in the California-Mexico border region: Injury disparities by Area Deprivation Index

“…Another important finding of this study was that a child’s odds of presenting to the hospital with a nonaccidental injury (child abuse, assault, nonaccidental firearm-related injury, or self-harm) increased with increasing neighborhood disadvantage, regardless of patient ethnicity, age, and sex. Individual and community-level poverty have become increasingly recognized as risk factors for child maltreatment 26–29 . Some proposed explanations for the relationship between poverty and increased risk for child abuse are lack of community resources and increased exposure to social, environmental, or economic stressors 30,31 .…”

“…Individual and community-level poverty have become increasingly recognized as risk factors for child maltreatment. [26][27][28][29] Some proposed explanations for the relationship between poverty and increased risk for child abuse are lack of community resources and increased exposure to social, environmental, or economic stressors. 30,31 The findings of our current study and previous studies highlight the importance of community-level initiatives in reducing the incidence of nonaccidental injury.…”

Socioeconomic Factors and Pediatric Injury

“…For example, those with no insurance had 3.3 times greater odds of mortality than those with public insurance [ 27 ]. And even after controlling for Injury Severity Score (ISS) and Glasgow Coma Scale, those with public or no insurance seem to experience higher mortality rates compared to those with private insurance [ 27 – 30 ]. There are similar reported outcomes based on measures of area-level SES.…”