Socioeconomic and clinical factors associated with excessive gestational weight gain

Kouba, Insaf; Pozzo, Jaclyn Del; Lesser, Martin; Shahani, Disha; Gulersen, Moti; Bracero, Luis A.; Blitz, Matthew J.

doi:10.1007/s00404-023-07000-0

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Obese pregnant women are more likely to suffer from gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, and pre-eclampsia. Furthermore, they have an increased risk of premature birth and cesarean sections [18][19][20]. According to Devlieger et al [9], the risk of an emergency cesarean section in obese women is 16.1%, compared to 6.6% in normal-weight mothers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Higher Than Recommended Gestational Weight Gain on Fetal Growth and Perinatal Risk Factors—The IOM Criteria Reconsidered

Kirchengast,

Fellner,

Haury

et al. 2024

IJERPH

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A too-high gestational weight gain, in combination with steadily increasing obesity rates among women of reproductive age, represents an enormous obstetrical problem, as obesity and high gestational weight gain are associated with enhanced fetal growth, low vital parameters, and increased cesarean section rates. This medical record-based study investigates the association patterns between too-low as well as too-high gestational weight gain, according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines, and fetal growth, as well as birth mode and pregnancy outcome. The data of 11,755 singleton births that had taken place between 2010 and 2020 at the Public Clinic Donaustadt in Vienna, Austria, were analyzed. Birth weight, birth length, head circumference, APGAR scores, and pH values of the arterial umbilical cord blood described fetal growth as well as the vital parameters after birth. Gestational weight gain was classified as too low, recommended, or too high according to the different weight status categories of the IOM guidelines. Birth weight, birth length, and head circumference of the newborn were significantly increased (p < 0.001) among underweight, normal-weight, and overweight women who gained more weight than recommended. Among obese women, only birthweight was significantly (p < 0.001) higher among women who gained more weight than recommended. Furthermore, a too-high gestational weight gain was significantly associated with an increased risk of macrosomia and emergency cesarean sections among underweight, normal-weight, and overweight women, but not among obese ones. Obese and morbidly obese women experiencing excessive gestational weight gain showed no significantly increased risk of macrosomia or emergency cesarean section. However, among obese mothers, a too-low gestational weight gain reduced the risk of emergency cesarean sections significantly (p = 0.010). Consequently, the IOM recommendations for gestational weight gain fit only partly for pregnant women in Austria. In the case of obese and morbidly obese women, new guidelines for optimal pregnancy weight gain should be considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Higher Than Recommended Gestational Weight Gain on Fetal Growth and Perinatal Risk Factors—The IOM Criteria Reconsidered

Kirchengast,

Fellner,

Haury

et al. 2024

IJERPH

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“…Not only obesity before pregnancy but also excessive weight gain during pregnancy is detrimental to the mother's and child's health. It can be caused by many factors: genetic, sociodemographic, environmental, socioeconomic, psychological, and medical [4,5]. Despite the recognized benefits of a healthy The exclusion criteria were studies published before 2013, articles not focusing on medical and psychological factors of pregnancy with obesity and after bariatric surgery, as well as textbooks, letters, editorials, conference abstracts, and commentaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical and Psychological Aspects of Pregnancy in Women with Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery

Bąk-Sosnowska,

Naworska

2023

Nutrients

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Chronic diseases are potential risk factors for pregnancy duration and neonatal outcomes. This narrative review aimed to summarize the research results on the specifics of pregnancy in women with obesity and after bariatric surgery. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials, and references to identified articles from the last ten years (2013–2023) were included. Ultimately, 107 literature items were qualified. It has been shown that women with obesity planning pregnancy should reduce their body weight because obesity is a risk factor for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Bariatric surgery effectively reduces excessive body weight and the health risks in women with obesity during pregnancy and their offspring. However, at least a year interval between surgery and conception is recommended. An interdisciplinary medical team should provide patient care during pregnancy with knowledge and skills related to people after bariatric surgery. Due to the increased risk of mental disorders, especially depression, it is necessary to constantly monitor the mental state of women and provide psychological support and education on a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

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“…The inconsistencies in the research literature could be due to methodological differences among studies including differences in the neuropsychological assessment measures used and differences in the mean ages and age ranges of the children who participated in the studies. Further, important confounders such as socioeconomic status and maternal mental health, which may be associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG, and child neurodevelopment, were not always considered [20,21]. These limitations support the need for research that investigates the links between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child neuropsychological outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI and Gestational Weight Gain Are Associated with Preschool Children’s Neuropsychological Outcomes in the APrON Cohort

England-Mason,

Anderson,

Bell

et al. 2023

Children

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This study examined the associations between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) and children’s neuropsychological outcomes at 3 to 5 years of age. A total of 379 women and their children from the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study participated. Covariate-adjusted robust regressions examined associations between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG class, interaction terms, and child outcomes. Each unit increase in maternal BMI was linked to a 0.48-point decrement (95% CI: −0.75 to −0.21) in children’s Full Scale IQ. Higher pre-pregnancy BMI was related to poorer performance on the other intelligence indexes (B = −0.35 to −0.47, 95% CIs: −0.75, −0.02) and lower performance on measures of language (B = −0.08 to −0.09, 95% CIs: −0.16, −0.02), motor skills (B = −0.08 to −0.11, 95% CIs: −0.18, −0.01), and executive function (B = −0.09 to −0.16, 95% CIs: −0.26, −0.01). GWG below the recommended range was associated with a 4.04-point decrement (95% CI: 7.89, −0.11) in Full Scale IQ, but better performance on a spatial working memory test (B = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.52). GWG above the recommended range was associated with lower language (B = −0.79, 95% CI: −1.52, −0.06) and memory scores (B = −0.93, 95% CI: −1.64, −0.22). Interactions were found between pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG on measures of intelligence and executive function. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG are related to children’s performance in various neuropsychological domains and may interact to predict outcomes. Optimizing maternal health and weight prior to conception and during pregnancy may enhance children’s neuropsychological outcomes.

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Socioeconomic and clinical factors associated with excessive gestational weight gain

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

The Impact of Higher Than Recommended Gestational Weight Gain on Fetal Growth and Perinatal Risk Factors—The IOM Criteria Reconsidered

The Impact of Higher Than Recommended Gestational Weight Gain on Fetal Growth and Perinatal Risk Factors—The IOM Criteria Reconsidered

Medical and Psychological Aspects of Pregnancy in Women with Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery

Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI and Gestational Weight Gain Are Associated with Preschool Children’s Neuropsychological Outcomes in the APrON Cohort

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