Socioeconomic Determinants of Malaria and Hepatitis Infections: Insights from the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, North Central, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Malaria and hepatitis B and C are prevalent public health issues in Nigeria, significantly impacting health outcomes. The Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, serves as a key healthcare provider in the region, making it crucial to understand the prevalence and factors associated with these diseases within this setting. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of malaria and hepatitis B and C among patients at the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving the analysis of patient records and diagnostic data from the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi. Data on malaria and hepatitis B and C prevalence were collected from laboratory reports and patient interviews. Socioeconomic information, including income, education level, and healthcare access, was also gathered. Statistical analyses were performed to identify associations between disease prevalence and risk factors. Results: The study identified a high prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B and C among the patient population. Socioeconomic factors such as lower income, inadequate education, and limited healthcare access were significantly associated with higher rates of these infections. Malaria prevalence was higher among individuals lacking access to insecticide-treated nets, while hepatitis infections were linked to inadequate blood transfusion safety and high-risk behaviors. Discussion: The findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions. Enhanced access to preventive measures, such as insecticide-treated nets and safer blood transfusion practices, alongside educational programs on disease prevention, are essential. Addressing socioeconomic disparities is crucial for effective disease control. Conclusion: To mitigate the burden of malaria and hepatitis B and C at the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, a multifaceted approach is required. Improving preventive measures, healthcare access, and addressing socioeconomic determinants will be vital in reducing disease prevalence and improving patient outcomes.