Socioeconomic Determinants of Permanent Contraceptive Use among Multiparous Women in Urban Indonesia: A nationwide cross-sectional survey

Abstract

Background: Among the various strategies within family planning, permanent contraception is recommended for multiparous mothers. In Indonesia, the prevalence of permanent contraception is high; however, a significant imbalance exists among socioeconomic groups regarding access and utilization. Focusing on multiparous women in urban areas, the family planning target population living in areas with socioeconomic dynamics, the study analyzed how socioeconomic factors influence the utilization of permanent contraceptives. Method: The 2019 Government Performance and Accountability Survey (GPAS) was the subject of this cross-sectional investigation. We examined 13,780 multiparous women. We used socioeconomic status as an exposure variable and the usage of permanent contraception as an outcome variable. Age, education, partner, occupation, exposure to family planning information from radio, television, and the internet, as well as the number of living children, constitute the study's eight control variables. We employed binary logistic regression in the final stage. Results: The study revealed that wealthier multiparous women in urban areas of Indonesia are more likely to use permanent contraceptives due to better access and financial resources. Additionally, women with higher education levels are more informed about these methods and inclined to use them. Mass media is vital in disseminating information and dispelling myths about family planning. Conclusions: These findings suggest the importance of empowering women through education, employment opportunities, and media campaigns to promote equitable access to permanent contraception.