Socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Portuguese preschool‐aged children: Changes from 2009 to 2016

Rodrigues, Daniela; Costa, Diogo; Gama, Augusta; Machado‐Rodrigues, Aristides M.; Nogueira, Helena; Silva, Raquel; Rosado‐Marques, Vítor; Padez, Cristina

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23582

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…In the USA, children from low‐income families were 0.68 times as likely to have excess weight or obesity compared with children from low‐income households (Weaver et al, 2019). In Portugal, the prevalence of overweight, including obesity, was significantly higher in children from low‐educated parents (31.2%) compared with their counterparts from high‐educated families (16.5%; Rodrigues et al, 2021), and those inequalities have been widening (Rodrigues et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Great Recession weighted on Portuguese children: A structural equation modeling approach considering eating patterns

Rodrigues

Carmo

Gama

et al. 2021

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: Further evidence on how the Great Recession was associated with childhood obesity is needed, particularly when the world is facing a new and severe economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explores: (1) the direct association of the 2008's economic crisis with eating patterns and body mass index (BMI), among children, independently of their socioeconomic status (SES), and (2) the indirect association between the crisis and children's BMI, by using eating patterns as mediators. Methods: A sample of children (n = 8472, mean age: 7.17 years old, 50.8% male) was recruited in schools from the cities of Porto, Coimbra and Lisbon, Portugal. Children's height and weight were objectively measured; BMI was calculated. Other data were collected by a parental questionnaire. A structural equation modeling studied the associations between the economic crisis impact, eating patterns, and BMI; model was adjusted for SES.Results: Children in families that reported a greater impact of the economic crisis showed higher consumption of unhealthy food items and lower consumption of healthy foods, regardless of SES. Indirectly, children whose parents scored higher in the economic crisis impact had higher BMI mediated by a higher consumption of cakes/chocolates and lower intake of vegetables/ salads. Conclusions:The economic crisis was associated with higher BMI and unhealthy eating patterns. Efforts to promote healthy diets and weight are needed at a population level rather than for specific social classes, particularly in the face of a new economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Great Recession weighted on Portuguese children: A structural equation modeling approach considering eating patterns

Rodrigues

Carmo

Gama

et al. 2021

American J Hum Biol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Health Economic Aspects of Childhood Excess Weight: A Structured Review

et al. 2022

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An economic perspective is crucial to understand the broad consequences of childhood excess weight (CEW). These can manifest in the form of elevated health care and societal costs, impaired health status, or inefficiencies in the allocation of resources targeted at its prevention, management, or treatment. Although existing systematic reviews provide summaries of distinct economic research strands covering CEW, they have a restricted focus that overlooks relevant evidence. The overarching aim of this structured review was to update and enhance recent key reviews of four strands of economic evidence in this area, namely, (1) economic costs associated with CEW, (2) health utilities associated with CEW, (3) economic evaluations of interventions targeting CEW, and (4) economic determinants and broader consequences of CEW. Our de novo searches identified six additional studies for the first research strand, five studies for the second, thirty-one for the third, and two for the fourth. Most studies were conducted in a small number of high-income countries. Our review highlights knowledge gaps across all the research strands. Evidence from this structured review can act as data input into future economic evaluations in this area and highlights areas where future economic research should be targeted.

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Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Its Association with Risk of Obesity, Sedentary Behaviors, and Well-Being in Adolescents

Machado-Rodrigues,

Padez,

Rodrigues

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background/Objectives: The literature on consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) using the NOVA classification is still limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was twofold: (i) to compare the UPF consumption, sedentary behaviors, and well-being perception between boys and girls; and (ii) to investigate the association between the UPF consumption and risk of overweight, sedentary behaviors, and well-being in adolescents. Methods: The present cross-sectional study comprised a sample of 245 adolescents (131 boys) aged 12–17 years-old (M = 14.20; SD = 1.09). Height and weight were assessed, and subsequently, the BMI was computed; furthermore, total body fat percentage was measured with bioelectrical impedance. Daily consumption of UPF was assessed by the NOVA screener and time spent sedentary was assessed by the Midlands Behavior Health 2024 questionnaire. The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) was used to measure adolescents’ psychosocial well-being. Pearson’s correlations and logistic regression analysis were used, controlling for biological, behavioral, and socio-economic confounders. Results: No sex differences were observed for the different UPF NOVA subscales. Boys reported higher computer use levels than girls on the weekend (p = 0.025), and they spent more time playing electronic games during the week (p = 0.005) and on the weekend than their female counterparts (p < 0.001). Moreover, boys reported higher scores in all well-being dimensions (p < 0.001) than girls. Conclusions: The findings revealed, after controlling for sex, sedentary time, and active behaviors, adolescents who consumed UPF on the previous day tended to be associated with a higher risk of being overweight, but also marginally without statistical significance (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83–1.01, p = 0.06). Of relevance, the present study revealed that both boys and girls of mothers with high educational levels were less likely to be classified as overweight or obese youth.

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Socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Portuguese preschool‐aged children: Changes from 2009 to 2016

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

The Great Recession weighted on Portuguese children: A structural equation modeling approach considering eating patterns

The Great Recession weighted on Portuguese children: A structural equation modeling approach considering eating patterns

Health Economic Aspects of Childhood Excess Weight: A Structured Review

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Its Association with Risk of Obesity, Sedentary Behaviors, and Well-Being in Adolescents

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