Socioeconomic Inequality in Disability Among Adults: A Multicountry Study Using the World Health Survey

Hosseinpoor, Ahmad Reza; Williams, Jennifer; Gautam, Jeny; Posarac, Aleksandra; Officer, Alana; Verdes, Emese; Kostanjsek, Nenad; Chatterji, Somnath

doi:10.2105/ajph.2012.301115

Cited by 117 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…4.6 and Appendix A3). 12 This result is consistent with results from Hosseinpoor et al (2013) using an asset quintile, a disability measure similar to that in WHOWorld Bank (2011) and 2002 World Health Survey data for 49 countries, including Ethiopia and Malawi. Table 4.7 gives descriptive statistics of households across functional status.…”

Section: Severe Difficultysupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Functional Difficulties

Mitra

2017

Disability, Health and Human Development

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This chapter estimates the prevalence of disability measured through functional difficulties. In Ethiopia, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda, the prevalence of functional difficulties ranges from 10.8 to 15.1%. In the four countries, the prevalence of functional difficulties at the household level ranges from one in five to one in three households. Functional difficulties disproportionately affect older individuals and women. Seeing and walking limitations are the most prevalent limitations in the four countries. A majority of individuals do not take any measure to reduce their functional difficulties, suggesting there may be scope for prevention. There is a strong socioeconomic gradient in prevalence. Prevalence is two to four times higher in households in the poorest quintile compared to the richest quintile.

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Section: Severe Difficultysupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Functional Difficulties

Mitra

2017

Disability, Health and Human Development

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“…Relevant aspects in the process of health social determinants seem to be interconnected with DIS. Correlations between DIS and SES indicators, such as income 3,12,25 , educational level 3,12 , and occupation 1,5 , are observed in scientific findings. In this study, income for both sexes and educational level for men were inversely associated with DIS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Prevalência e fatores associados ao autorrelato de deficiência: uma comparação por sexo

Felicíssimo

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Andrade

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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ABSTRACT:Objective: To estimate the prevalence of disability and its association with sociodemographic and health characteristics stratified by sex. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample including 4,048 residents aged ≥ 18 years in two health districts of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil, during the period from 2008 to 2009. The outcome variable "disability" was established based on self-reported problems in body functions or structures. Sociodemographic characteristics ("sex," "age," "skin color," "marital status," "years of schooling," and "family income") and health ("reported morbidity," "health self-assessment," "quality of life," and "life satisfaction") were the explanatory variables. We applied the multivariate decision tree analysis by using the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector algorithm. Results: The overall prevalence of disability corresponded to 10.4% and it was higher in females (11.9%; confidence interval -95%CI 10.2 -13.6) than in males (8.7%; 95%CI 6.8 -10.5). In the multivariate analysis, "age" and "morbidity" in females, and "low educational level" and "poor health self-assessment" in males were the variables that best discriminated disability. Disability self-reporting was more frequent among women of working age (40 to 59 years-old) and with lower incomes, as well as in men with lower educational levels and incomes. With regard to health conditions, the highest disability percentages were seen among subjects of both genders that reported three or more diseases and worsened perception of health. Conclusion: Results reinforce the need for a distinct approach, since women of working age and men with lower educational level are more vulnerable to the occurrence of disability.

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“…A recent multi-country study showed that disability was consistently more prevalent in the poorest than richest quintiles. 46 In their population-based study, Cobigo and colleagues 47 showed that the proportion of Ontario women with intellectual and developmental disabilities who were not screened for cervical cancer was nearly twice that of women without these disabilities. Multimorbidity has been strongly associated with preventable hospital admissions, and this risk is exacerbated by socioeconomic deprivation.…”

Section: Cmaj Openmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for cervical cancer in women with disability and multimorbidity: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada

et al. 2014

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Background: People with disability, multiple chronic conditions or both may experience challenges in accessing primary care. We aimed to determine the association between appropriate cervical cancer screening and level of disability among women eligible for screening in Ontario and the influence of relevant sociodemographic and health-related variables, including level of morbidity (measured by number of chronic conditions), on screening. Methods:We used multiple linked databases, including 2 waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2005 and 2007/08). Of the 22 824 women included in the study, 7600 reported some level of disability. We used Ontario Health Insurance Plan fee codes to identify appropriate cervical cancer screening.Results: Compared with women without disability, women with disability were older, less educated, had lower income and had more chronic conditions (36.2% had at least 2 conditions v. 8.4% of women without disability). Women with no disability and no chronic conditions were more frequently screened appropriately than those with severe disability and 2 or more chronic conditions (64.5% v. 39.8%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, age, rurality, education, marital status and household income were each independently associated with cervical cancer screening. There was a significant interaction between level of morbidity and level of disability. Women with a higher level of disability were less likely to be screened than women with lower level of disability as their level of morbidity increased. Conclusion:The rate of screening for cervical cancer is low among women with both disability and multimorbidity. Policymakers should note these results as they work toward improving cancer screening rates for an aging population with complex medical needs. AbstractCMAJ OPEN, 2(4) E241

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Socioeconomic Inequality in Disability Among Adults: A Multicountry Study Using the World Health Survey

Abstract: Integrating equity components into the monitoring of disability trends would help ensure that interventions reach and benefit populations with greatest need.

Cited by 117 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of Functional Difficulties

Prevalence of Functional Difficulties

Prevalência e fatores associados ao autorrelato de deficiência: uma comparação por sexo

Screening for cervical cancer in women with disability and multimorbidity: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada

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