Socioeconomic inequality in noncommunicable diseases: Results from a baseline Persian cohort study

Sharafi, Mehdi; Bahramali, Ehsan; Farjam, Mojtaba; Rezaeian, Shahab; Afrashteh, Sima; Amiri, Zahra

doi:10.47176/mjiri.35.78

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, in accordance with our findings, the prevalence of lung diseases was found to be disproportionately higher among individuals with low SES, thus indicating the presence of pro‐poor inequality. This observation aligns with the results of prior investigations conducted in similar contexts 17,33 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Contrasting socioeconomic inequality with noncommunicable diseases: Insights from a population‐based survey using the concentration index in Kong cohort study

Mouseli,

Sharafi,

Mastaneh

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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BackgroundNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the major causes of mortality across the globe, which impose a substantial burden on health care systems, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The present study aimed to determine socioeconomic inequality in the prevalence of NCDs using the concentration index (CI).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted on the baseline data of the Bandar Kong cohort. The principal component analysis was used to determine people's socioeconomic status (SES). The CI and Lorenz Curve were used for the assessment of socioeconomic inequality. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between SES and the prevalence of NCDs. A p Value less than 0.05 is considered significant.ResultsFrequency and prevalence of diabetes was 653 (16.22%), hypertension 848 (21.06%), chronic lung diseases 161 (4%), epilepsy 70 (1.74%), mental disorders 191 (4.74%), stillbirth 299 (13.94%), thyroid disorders 391 (9.71%) and depression 146 (3.63%). CI for the prevalence of diabetes was [−0.107, %95 CI: −0.146 to −0.068], hypertension [−0.122, %95 CI: −0.155 to −0.088], chronic lung disease [−0.116, %95 CI: −0.202 to −0.03], psychiatric disorders [−0.230, %95 CI: −0.304 to −0.155], depression [−0.132, %95 CI: −0.220 to−0.043] and stillbirth [−0.162, %95 CI: −0.220 to −0.105]. The Gini index was negative for all these diseases, indicating that these are significantly concentrated in people of poor SES.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that selected NCDs were concentrated among the poor and the low‐income. Particular attention may be necessary to address the problem of NCDs among these groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…After calculating the SES score, people were divided into five quartiles. q1 and q2 placed as poor group, q3 middle, and q4 and q5 were placed in the rich group 17 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting socioeconomic inequality with noncommunicable diseases: Insights from a population‐based survey using the concentration index in Kong cohort study

Mouseli,

Sharafi,

Mastaneh

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

Self Cite

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“…Moreover, similar results were obtained in a study about diabetes treatment coverage in 55 low- and middle-income countries, in which Iran and some other Middle Eastern countries were also included. The results of that study showed that there was a gradient of greater treatment coverage with increasing household wealth [ 44 ]. Eventually, findings from a study on socioeconomic inequalities for non-communicable diseases in Fasa, southern Iran, and one on socioeconomic inequalities in risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Kurdistan, western Iran, showed significant socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes and its risk factors in these regions [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities in the prevalence, diagnosis awareness, treatment coverage and effective control of diabetes: a small area estimation analysis in Iran

et al. 2023

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Objective This study aims to assess geographic inequalities in the prevalence, awareness of diagnosis, treatment coverage and effective control of diabetes in 429 districts of Iran. Methods A modelling study by the small area estimation method, based on a nationwide cross-sectional survey, Iran STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) 2016, was performed. The modelling estimated the prevalence, awareness of diagnosis, treatment coverage, and effective control of diabetes in all 429 districts of Iran based on data from available districts. The modelling results were provided in different geographical and socio-economic scales to make the comparison possible across the country. Results In 2016, the prevalence of diabetes ranged from 3.2 to 19.8% for women and 2.4 to 19.1% for men. The awareness of diagnosis ranged from 51.9 to 95.7% for women and 35.7 to 100% for men. The rate of treatment coverage ranged from 37.2 to 85.6% for women and 24.4 to 80.5% for men. The rate of effective control ranged from 12.1 to 63.6% for women and 12 to 73% for men. The highest treatment coverage rates belonged to Ardebil for women and Shahr-e-kord for men. The highest effective control rates belonged to Sanandaj for women and Nehbandan for men. Across Iran districts, there were considerable differences between the highest and lowest rates of prevalence, diagnosis awareness, treatment coverage, and effective control of diabetes. The concentration indices of diabetes prevalence, awareness of diagnosis, and treatment coverage were positive and significant for both sexes. Conclusion Findings of this study highlight the existence of inequalities in diagnosis awareness, treatment coverage, and effective control of diabetes in all Iran regions. More suitable population-wide strategies and policies are warranted to handle these inequalities in Iran.

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“…Wealth score index (WSI) was estimated by performing multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) on the following variables: access to a freezer, washing machine, dishwasher, vacuum cleaner, computer, internet, motorcycle, car (no access, access to a car with a price of <50 million Tomans (national currency in Iran), and access to a car with a price of >50 million Tomans), color TV type (no color Tv or regular color Tv vs. Plasma color Tv), owning a cell phone, PC or laptop, international trips in lifetime (never, just pilgrimage, both pilgrimage or non-pilgrimage trips) [ 19 , 20 ]. Then the participants were stratified into five quantiles in terms of WSI; individuals in the first quantile had the highest socio-economic status and those in the fifth quantile had the lowest socio-economic status.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alarm of non-communicable disease in Iran: Kavar cohort profile, baseline and 18-month follow up results from a prospective population-based study in urban area

et al. 2022

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The PERSIAN Kavar cohort study (PKCS) aims to investigate the prevalence, trends, and relevant prognostic risk factors of non-communicable diseases in participants aged 35–70 years living in the urban area of Kavar County. Kavar County is located at the center of Fars province in the southwest of Iran. Overall, 5236 adults aged 35–70 years old were invited to participate in the PKCS. From whom, 4997 people comprising 2419 men and 2578 women met the inclusion criteria and were recruited in the study (participation rate: 95.4%). This study is aimed to follow participants for at least 10 years; it is designed to perform all procedures similar to the primary phase including biological sampling, laboratory tests, physical examinations, and collecting general, nutritional, and medical data at the 5th and 10th years of follow-up. In addition, participants are annually followed-up by phone to acquire data on the history of hospitalization, any major diagnosis or death. At the enrollment phase, trained interviewers were responsible for obtaining general, nutritional, and medical data utilizing a 482-item questionnaire. The results of the baseline phase of this study show that the overweight category was the most prevalent BMI category among the registered participants (n = 2005, 40.14%). Also, almost one-third of Kavar adult population suffered from metabolic syndrome at the baseline phase (n = 1664, 33.30%). The rate of eighteen-month follow-up response was 100% in the PKCS. Hypertension (n = 116, 2.32%), cardiovascular outcomes (n = 33, 0.66%), and diabetes (n = 32, 0.64%) were the most prevalent new-onset NCDs during eighteen months of follow-up in the participants.

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Socioeconomic inequality in noncommunicable diseases: Results from a baseline Persian cohort study

Abstract: Background aimed to determ Methods: Th component ana at 95% confide Results: A to paramnesia (-0. (-0.046), recur (0.298). Furthe Conclusion: more concentra decrease the bu

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Contrasting socioeconomic inequality with noncommunicable diseases: Insights from a population‐based survey using the concentration index in Kong cohort study

Contrasting socioeconomic inequality with noncommunicable diseases: Insights from a population‐based survey using the concentration index in Kong cohort study

Inequalities in the prevalence, diagnosis awareness, treatment coverage and effective control of diabetes: a small area estimation analysis in Iran

Alarm of non-communicable disease in Iran: Kavar cohort profile, baseline and 18-month follow up results from a prospective population-based study in urban area

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