Socioeconomic Status and Biological Markers of Health

Cornman, Jennifer C.; Glei, Dana A.; Goldman, Noreen; Ryff, Carol D.; Weinstein, Maxine

doi:10.1177/0898264314538661

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…Health disparities exist on the basis of many aspects of identity, including racial/ethnic background, 1–3 SES, 4,5 gender, 6,7 age, 8,9 as well as indicators of healthy versus nonhealthy body weight. 10,11 Recently, it has been suggested that health-care stereotype threat (HCST) might be one of the overlooked pathways whereby minority and stigmatized identities contribute to health disparities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Stereotype Threat in Older Adults in the Health and Retirement Study

Abdou

Fingerhut

Jackson

et al. 2016

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction Healthcare stereotype threat is the threat of being personally reduced to group stereotypes that commonly operate within the healthcare domain, including stereotypes regarding unhealthy lifestyles and inferior intelligence. The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which people fear being judged in healthcare contexts on several characteristics, including race/ethnicity and age, and to test predictions that experience of such threats would be connected with poorer health and negative perceptions of health care. Methods Data were collected as part of the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A module on healthcare stereotype threat, designed by the research team, was administered to a random subset (n=2,048 of the total 20,555) of HRS participants. The final sample for the present healthcare stereotype threat experiment consists of 1,479 individuals. Logistic regression was used to test whether healthcare stereotype threat was associated with self-rated health, reported hypertension, and depressive symptoms, as well as with healthcare-related outcomes, including physician distrust, dissatisfaction with health care, and preventative care use. Results Seventeen percent of respondents reported healthcare stereotype threat with respect to one or more aspects of their identities. As predicted, healthcare stereotype threat was associated with higher physician distrust and dissatisfaction with health care, poorer mental and physical health (i.e., self-rated health, hypertension, and depressive symptoms), and lower odds of receiving the influenza vaccine. Conclusions The first of its kind, this study demonstrates that people can experience healthcare stereotype threat on the basis of various stigmatized aspects of social identity, and that these experiences can be linked with larger health and healthcare-related outcomes, thereby contributing to disparities among minority groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Stereotype Threat in Older Adults in the Health and Retirement Study

Abdou

Fingerhut

Jackson

et al. 2016

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Influence of Socioeconomic and Anthropometric Factors on Respiratory Function in Female University Students

Nowakowski

Kliś

Żurawiecka

et al. 2017

Influenza and Respiratory Care

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate lung function in healthy young female university students and to seek the relation of lung function to socioeconomic and anthropometric indices. The methodology consisted of spirometry tests, anthropometric measures and a questionnaire conducted in November of 2015 among 152 female university students. At first, lung function was analyzed for any relationship with socioeconomic factors and smoking. The results of a multi-factor analysis of variance demonstrate significant differences in the FEV1/FVC ratio depending on the general socioeconomic status. Then, anthropometric and spirometric parameters were tested for correlations. A comparison of underweight, normal weigh, overweight, and obese subjects revealed statistically significant differences for FVC% and FEV1/FVC, with the highest values noted in the subjects of normal weight. Individuals with abdominal obesity had lower FVC% and FEV1% and a higher FEV1/FVC ratio. The findings of our study confirm that both general obesity and abdominal obesity are related to a reduced lung function.

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Gonorrhea infection increases the risk of prostate cancer in Asian population: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Wang

Chung

Chen

et al. 2016

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study evaluated the risk of developing prostate cancer among patients with gonorrhea. We identified cases of newly diagnosed gonorrhea in men between 2000 and 2010 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Each patient with gonorrhea was matched to four controls, based on age and index year. All subjects were followed up from the index date to December 31, 2010. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the risk of prostate cancer. A total of 355 men were included in the study group, and 1,420 age-matched subjects without gonorrhea were included in the control group. After adjusting for age, comorbidities, urbanization level, hospital level, and monthly income, gonorrhea was significantly associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (adjusted hazard ratio = 5.66, 95% confidence interval = 1.36-23.52). Men aged 45-70 years and those with lower monthly income were more strongly associated with prostate cancer in the study group than the control group. The higher risk for developing prostate cancer were also found in those without syphilis, without genital warts, without diabetes mellitus, without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, without benign prostatic hypertrophy, without chronic prostatitis, and without alcoholism. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the risk of prostate cancer was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. Gonorrhea may be involved in the development of prostate cancer. More intensive screening and prevention interventions for prostate cancer should be recommended in men with gonorrhea.

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Socioeconomic Status and Biological Markers of Health

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Healthcare Stereotype Threat in Older Adults in the Health and Retirement Study

Healthcare Stereotype Threat in Older Adults in the Health and Retirement Study

Influence of Socioeconomic and Anthropometric Factors on Respiratory Function in Female University Students

Gonorrhea infection increases the risk of prostate cancer in Asian population: a nationwide population-based cohort study

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