Socioeconomic status is associated with striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptors in healthy volunteers but not in cocaine abusers

Wiers, Corinde E.; Shokri‐Kojori, Ehsan; Cabrera, Elizabeth; Cunningham, Samantha; Wong, Christopher; Tomasi, Dardo; Wang, Gene‐Jack; Volkow, Nora D.

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.01.056

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Another showed that subjective SES moderated an association between neural responses to perceived pain in others (a measure of empathy) and subsequent charitable donations (Ma et al 2011). However, with the exception of one study showing SES differences in a neural correlate of drug addiction (Wiers et al 2016), studies have not examined the neural correlates of BCD behaviours. To further understand the neural mechanisms of the BCD, it would be useful to examine socioeconomic differences in neural responses to decisions involving present-future trade-offs.…”

Section: Biological Mechanisms In the Bcdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavioural constellation of deprivation: Causes and consequences

Pepper¹,

Nettle²

2017

Behav Brain Sci

332

279

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Socioeconomic differences in behaviour are pervasive and well documented, but their causes are not yet well understood. Here, we make the case that a cluster of behaviours is associated with lower socioeconomic status (SES), which we call "the behavioural constellation of deprivation." We propose that the relatively limited control associated with lower SES curtails the extent to which people can expect to realise deferred rewards, leading to more present-oriented behaviour in a range of domains. We illustrate this idea using the specific factor of extrinsic mortality risk, an important factor in evolutionary theoretical models. We emphasise the idea that the present-oriented behaviours of the constellation are a contextually appropriate response to structural and ecological factors rather than a pathology or a failure of willpower. We highlight some principles from evolutionary theoretical models that can deepen our understanding of how socioeconomic inequalities can become amplified and embedded. These principles are that (1) small initial disparities can lead to larger eventual inequalities, (2) feedback loops can embed early-life circumstances, (3) constraints can breed further constraints, and (4) feedback loops can operate over generations. We discuss some of the mechanisms by which SES may influence behaviour. We then review how the contextually appropriate response perspective that we have outlined fits with other findings about control and temporal discounting. Finally, we discuss the implications of this interpretation for research and policy.

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Section: Biological Mechanisms In the Bcdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavioural constellation of deprivation: Causes and consequences

Pepper¹,

Nettle²

2017

Behav Brain Sci

332

279

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As can be seen from table 1, initial findings of a relationship between D2R and traits related to social behaviour have been corroborated in multiple studies when using antagonist radioligands. Specifically, a negative correlation has been reported between D2R and the social desirability scale of the Swedish University Scales of Personality (SSP) [33] and Lie scale of the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) [18,34,35], a line of research that has also been extended to include measures of social status [36,37]. Interestingly, recent studies using the agonist radioligand [ 11 C]PHNO have shown patterns of the opposite direction [38,39].…”

Section: Correlative Studies: Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain neuroreceptor density and personality traits: towards dimensional biomarkers for psychiatric disorders

Farde

Plavén-Sigray

Borg

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Positron emission tomography has, for 30 years, been used in numerous case-control studies searching for hypothesized differences in the density of neuroreceptor or transporter proteins in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. In most cases, the results have not been conclusive. One reason could be the sizeable interindividual variability in biochemical markers, which in twin studies have shown to emanate from both environmental and genetic factors, leading to low statistical power for the detection of group effects. On the other hand, the same interindividual variability has served as an opportunity for correlative studies on the biological underpinning of behaviour. Using this approach, a series of studies has linked markers for the dopamine and serotonin system to personality traits associated with psychiatric conditions. Based on increasing evidence for the view that many psychopathological states represent extremes of a continuum rather than distinct categories, this research strategy may lead to new biological insights about the vulnerability to and pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders.This article is part of the theme issue 'Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences'.

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“…Other studies reported no differences in DAT [18] or receptors [19] in current smokers. Inconsistent results were also found between current cocaine users compared to healthy controls indicating lower DAT and receptor density in cocaine dependents [20][21][22] and abusers [23] or higher DAT in dependents [24][25][26] or no differences in dependent subjects [27][28][29] and cocaine users [30] compared to the control groups. Compared to healthy controls, evidence for significantly reduced DAT and receptors in MA users were found in some studies for currently MA dependent subjects [31][32][33][34], current MA abusers [35][36][37], chronic users [38] and former users or MA dependent subjects in rehabilitation [39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stimulant drug use on the dopaminergic system: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vivo neuroimaging studies

Proebstl

Kamp

Manz³

et al. 2019

Eur. psychiatr.

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Background:Stimulant drugs can cause persistent changes in the brain. Imaging studies show that these changes are most apparent in dopamine transporter (DAT) or receptor availability within the striatum.Methods:This work focuses on influences of stimulant use on dopaminergic function assessed using nuclear-medicine imaging (PET/SPECT). Included are 39 studies on 655 cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine or nicotine users, as well as 690 healthy controls. Metaanalyses were conducted separately for D2/D3 receptors and dopamine transporters of the entire striatum, its subregions caudate and putamen respectively.Results:Meta-analyses results regarding nicotine did not show significant effects between smokers and nonsmokers. In cocaine users there was a significant decrease in dopamine receptor availability in all regions. The striatal DAT availability was significantly increased in cocaine users. Methamphetamine users showed a significantly decreased dopamine receptor and transporter density in all regions. Significant results also indicate a lower transporter availability in all regions. Amphetamine users showed reduced DAT availability in the striatum, as well as in the sub regions.Conclusion:This meta-analysis provides evidence that there are ongoing changes in the dopaminergic system associated with the use of stimulants. Especially the results of cocaine, methamphetamine and amphetamine use mainly showed a downregulation. In addition, this meta-analysis is the first to include nicotine. This subset of studies showed evidence for a decreased receptor and DAT availability but no significant results were found in the metaanalyses.

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Socioeconomic status is associated with striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptors in healthy volunteers but not in cocaine abusers

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

The behavioural constellation of deprivation: Causes and consequences

The behavioural constellation of deprivation: Causes and consequences

Brain neuroreceptor density and personality traits: towards dimensional biomarkers for psychiatric disorders

Effects of stimulant drug use on the dopaminergic system: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vivo neuroimaging studies

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