Socioeconomic vulnerability in the face of COVID-19 in municipalities of Ceará

Abstract

Resumo Os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 têm causado sérios impactos socioeconômicos, expondo a vulnerabilidade de estados e municípios brasileiros. Concebendo-a em sentido amplo, a vulnerabilidade se relaciona à suscetibilidade social e econômica a riscos ou perdas potenciais, causados por eventos extremos. Nesse contexto, este artigo objetiva identificar a vulnerabilidade socioeconômica dos municípios do Ceará, epicentro da região Nordeste, quanto à pandemia da COVID-19. Para tal, realizou-se um estudo exploratório-quantitativo, utilizando-se informações secundárias obtidas em bases de dados públicas governamentais. A vulnerabilidade socioeconômica dos municípios foi avaliada de forma dinâmica, baseando-se em modelo matemático de previsão do número de casos da COVID-19 aplicado à cidade de Wuhan, na China. Os indicadores de vulnerabilidade foram calculados sob duas trajetórias: valor de produção e número de pessoal ocupado, considerando-se características municipais como densidade demográfica, mobilidade interurbana e índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH). No caso do estado do Ceará, os achados evidenciaram uma série de determinantes demográficos, sociais e econômicos locais que agravam os impactos da crise. Os indicadores de vulnerabilidade construídos na pesquisa podem servir de base para as decisões de governos municipais e estadual na cronologia da abertura econômica do estado por setores, municípios e regiões.

Sustainable Development Goals Against Covid-19: The Performance Of Brazilian Cities In Sdgs 3 And 6 And Their Reflection On The Pandemic

“…This moderation gets stronger for the SDG levels and the number of deaths from COVID-19 since the closer to the epicenter, the higher is the risk of contamination of water resources due to virus proliferation. In addition, the greater is the population in need of water supply and sanitation, the lower are the rates of compliance with SDGs and the greater are the health risks (Câmara et al 2020;Wang et al 2020). Therefore, the literature confirms the hypotheses that refer to SDG 6.…”

“…Hence, cities with worse conditions of sanitary sewage and water distribution can facilitate virus proliferation, and SDG 6 sets these conditions (Azoulay and Jones 2020; Kitajima et al 2020). Furthermore, population density and distance from the epicenter can be decisive in this relationship (Câmara et al 2020;Wang et al 2020). A city with a high number of individuals requires an efficient water supply and sanitary sewage for everyone (Delanka-Pedige et al 2020).…”

Households’ Socioeconomic Vulnerability Assessment Due to COVID-19 Outbreak: A Web-Based Survey in Bangladesh

“…The physical or ethical vulnerability of specific societal groups or communities to possible risks or losses induced by catastrophic occurrences is referred as social and economic vulnerability [29]. Crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic have an impact on global dimensions resulting in physiological, sociopolitical, economic, and social uncertainty [23,30]. Similarly, Bangladesh is experiencing an unparalleled economic and social hardship as a result of the current novel Corona virus outbreak [16,31].…”

“…Throughout this pandemic, it is unavoidable that a substantial humanitarian and socioeconomic catastrophe has emerged in the country, resulting in long-term effects with a variety of weaknesses which are probably to produce the harshest outcomes. However, the concept of vulnerability has been taken into account by a number of assessments in the globe [1,23,24,32]. In addition, there are also various techniques for measuring vulnerability that take into account socioeconomic factors for particular hazards [33][34][35], but this study has employed the dimensions of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) framework to measure socioeconomic vulnerability according to the domains of [27].…”

“…The findings demonstrated the consequences of the pandemic in an economic framework dominated by the service industry, which is characterized by high levels of human contact and social interaction. Ceará is affected by the crisis as a result of a number of demographic, social, and economic factors that are unique to the region [23]. There was additional study on socio-economic vulnerability to COVID-19 in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA).…”