Socioeconomics and sources of livelihood security in Central Himalaya, India: a case study

Yadav, R. P.; Gupta, B.; Bhutia, Pempa Lamu; Bisht, Jaideep Kumar

doi:10.1080/13504509.2016.1239233

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…capitata), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), pea (Pisum sativum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and so on; and spices, such as chilies (Capsicum annum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and turmeric (Curcuma longa) is cultivated [2]. According to Tulachan [6], under horticulture (fruits and vegetable), ~ 13-15% is the gross cropped area.…”

Section: Land Utilization and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a science that provides information on the impact of the variables such as tree species, tree-spacing, orientation of trees, rotation of crops, pruning types and intensity, quantity and timing of litter addition, thinning and felling, which can be managed by the farmer. Trees not only supplement the fodder, fuel, fiber, fruits, and so on, but also accumulate biomass and sequester carbon [1,2,8,9]. Dhyani et al [10] asserted that agroforestry is key path to prosperity for millions of farm families leading to extra income, employment generation, greater food and nutrient security, and meeting other basic human needs in a sustainable manner.…”

Section: Agroforestry Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agrihorticulture, silvihorticulture, hortipastoral, and silvipastoral systems are diversified land use options for agroforestry in the hill region. These agroforestry systems play a vital role in the livelihood of the hill people [1,2]. The production and availability of green fodder is not uniform throughout the year, available in plenty during monsoon and remaining period, that is, winter and summer are miserable in hilly areas of Himalaya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaves of some identified evergreen fodder trees are given to animals during acute winter period [3]. Grewia optiva, Quercus leucotrichophora, Quercus dilatata, Quercus semecarpifolia, Ficus nemoralis, Ficus palmata, Ficus roxburghii, and so on are the main winter fodder trees [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Agroecosystems for Livelihood Security in Indian Himalayas

Yadav¹,

Bisht²,

Meena³

et al. 2018

Sustainability of Agroecosystems

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Agroforestry systems are an age-old practice in the Indian Himalayan region. Agroforestry deals with the combination of tree species with crop plants, fisheries, animals, bee keeping, and so on, and it is based on the principle of optimum utilization of land. Agrihorticulture, silvihorticulture, hortipastoral, and silvipastoral systems are diversified land use options for agroforestry in the hill region. The study was conducted at experimental farm Hawalbagh (29 o 36′N and 79 o 40′ E, 1250 m amsl) of Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, India. Study in an agri-horti system revealed that ragi (Eluesine coracana) and soybean (Glysine max) during kharif (rainy season) and wheat (Triticum estivum) and lentil (Lens esculenta) during rabi (winter season) can be grown successfully with pecan nut (Carya illinoinensis) tree without significant reduction in the yield of the crop. However, grain yield of these crops was numerically higher in the field without pecan nut tree. In fruit-based agri-horti system four fruit crops, hill lemon (Citrus limon), pear (Pyrus communis), plum (Prunus domestica), and apricot (Prunus armeniaca) were planted with soybean in kharif and dual purpose wheat during rabi season. During initial years, no significant effect on grain yield was observed with the presence of different fruit trees. Green forage yield varied from 4600 to 5900 kg/ha in different treatments. In different treatments, ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa), turmeric and taro (Colocasia esculenta), and two varieties of turmeric (Pant Pitabh and Swarna) were grown under Grewia optiva, Quercus leucotrichophora, Bauhinia variegata, and Celtis australis. Turmeric and ginger produced significantly higher yield (12.04 and 7.99 t/ha) under oak. The highest rhizome yield was obtained under Quercus leucotrichophora (11,738 kg/ha) followed by Bauhinia variegata. Pant Pitabh gave significantly higher yield (10,860 kg/ha) than swarna. Improved systems with five tree species, that is, Grewia optiva, Quercus leucotrichophora, Bauhinia retusa, Melia azedarach, and Morus alba and four grasses, that is, Setaria kazugulla, Setaria nandi, Congo signal, and Broad leaf paspalum (Paspalum spp.) were tested under the silvipastoral system. Quercus leucotrichophora yielded (10,675 kg/ha) significantly higher green biomass than others, and the

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Section: Land Utilization and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Agroforestry Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sustainable Agroecosystems for Livelihood Security in Indian Himalayas

Yadav¹,

Bisht²,

Meena³

et al. 2018

Sustainability of Agroecosystems

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“…The vegetation distribution pattern, communities, and population dynamics are most significant ecological attributes of any area (Gairola et al 2008). Agroforestry systems in the Himalaya are backbone of hill agrarian community for livelihood security (Yadav et al 2016). Various forms of agroforestry such as improved fallows beside maintenance of soil fertility also improve on farm environment quality (Kuntashula and Mungatana 2015), carbon sequestration (Cacho et al 2005;Yadav et al 2017) and economic sustainability (Kitti et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Agroforestry Systems for Livelihood Security and their Economic Appraisal in Indian Himalayas

Yadav¹

2018

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Sustainable indigenous agroforestry systems are mainstay of rural agrarian economy coupled with livestock rearing in mountains of Himalayas. A 2B4D6-watershed was selected in Central Himalayas to investigate economic returns from agriculture based agroforestry systems. A detailed structured analysis revealed four types of agriculture based agroforestry systems are prevalent in the 2B4D6-watershed of Indian Central Himalaya. These agroforestry systems are profitable to farmers and can obtain more than twofold returns from agriculture based agroforestry systems. The net return from these systems decreased in the order: Agrihorticulture > Agrihortisilviculture > Agrisilvihorticulture > Agrisilviculture. The highest benefit cost ratio from agroforestry systems was obtained at higher elevation E 5 and it decreased with decrease in elevations in the order: E 4 > E 3 > E 2 > E 1. Thus, we conclude that agroforestry systems are not only sustainable but also are imperative for livelihood security of local inhabitants of Indian Central Himalayas.

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