Sociolinguistic variation

Dí­az-Campos, Manuel; Filimonova, Valentyna

doi:10.4324/9781315228112-27

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Socioeconomic status. Children of lower socioeconomic status (SES) in Díaz-Campos (2005) had a lower percentage of retention of intervocalic /d/ than those of higher SES. Parents' SES was significant in Chevrot et al (2000): workers' children had higher rates of /R/ deletion than managers' children in certain contexts.…”

Section: Acquisition Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition during normative code-mixing: Trinidadian children’s varilingual pronoun usage

Jackson

2023

First Language

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While monolingual English speakers acquire most pronouns by age 5, acquisition amid prevalent, normative code-mixing, such as in Trinidad, is underexplored. This study examines how Trinidadian 3- to 5-year-olds express third-person subject, object, reflexive and possessive pronouns and factors influencing pronoun choices. Seventy-five preschoolers produced pronouns via a word elicitation task conducted in Trinidadian English Creole and Trinidad and Tobago English. Responses were coded for children’s age, gender, district and socioeconomic status; task language; grammatical gender/number; and response form. Conditional inference trees facilitated statistical analysis. When choices were available, children exhibited variable production, with Creole forms often dominant. Grammatical gender influenced whether English or Creole pronouns were selected. Task language influenced possessive pronoun choices, indicating developing sociolinguistic competence. The non-significance of other variables suggests widespread mixing of English and Creole pronouns. Findings underscore the importance of describing understudied populations, especially where variation is inherent, to ensure accurate language assessment.

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Section: Acquisition Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition during normative code-mixing: Trinidadian children’s varilingual pronoun usage

Jackson

2023

First Language

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“…A zero-occlusion rhotic is defined here as an innovative tap or trill that presents no single (in the case of taps) or periodic (in the case of trills) lingual closure(s) with the surface of the palate. Diaz Campos (2008) found that approximant variants are more common than trilled segments in the Spanish of Venezuela; Hammond (1999) found assibilated variants being predominantly produced in Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Puerto Rico; Willis (2006) examined pre-aspirated taps in the Spanish of Dominican Republic; and Colantoni (2006) revealed a continuum of fricative to approximant rhotics. A great deal of these allophones in Central American Spanish and certain Colombian Spanish dialects have been also documented.…”

Section: Rhotic Variation and Sound Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Converging Paths of Variation: Bilingual Rhotics and Language Change in the Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia

Ramos

2022

isogloss

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This study examines the acoustic realization of phonemic taps and trills across generations of Creole-Spanish bilinguals in the Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia. Formant frequencies in the form of F2 and F3 were compared in the realization of 1,450 rhotics presenting no lingual closure produced in the bilingual Spanish speech of three generations of Creole-Spanish speakers. Alongside, F2 and F3 values were extracted from rhotic segments produced in the monolingual varieties coexisting in the Archipelago, Islander Creole (n=328) and Colombian Continental Spanish (n=150). Results show that F3 frequencies and the distance between F3-F2 in senior bilinguals increasingly resemble the values in Islander Creole approximants, whereas younger generations are more closely associated to Continental Spanish. Supporting this trend is the fact that second generation speakers stand at an intermediate position between generations. These findings suggest a change in progress where approximants in younger generations are converging in the direction of Colombian Spanish, while formant frequencies in seniors are more associated with Islander Creole.

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“…Given this diversity of productions, it is perhaps not surprising that most sociophonetic research on Spanish /r/ focuses on data from non-canonical varieties (Colantoni, 2006a(Colantoni, , 2006bDelgado-Díaz & Galarza, 2015;Díaz-Campos, 2008;Rissel, 1989;Vigil, 2018;Willis, 2006Willis, , 2007inter alia). Studies focused on canonical varieties alternatively investigate the phonetic correlates signaling the phonemic tap-trill contrast.…”

Section: External Factors Conditioning the Usage Of The Spanish Phone...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One common finding is that female speakers are often more "canonical" in comparison to male speakers, which happens in one of two ways. First, female speakers are far more likely to favor multi-occlusion variants in comparison to non-canonical variants, such as assibilated, approximant, or dorsal trills (e.g., Díaz-Campos, 2008;Klee et al, 2022;Valentín-Márquez, 2007; see also Table 3 in Section 5.2). Second, female speakers have been shown to produce more occlusions on average in contrast to male speakers (e.g., Bradley & Willis, 2012;Henriksen, 2014;Melero-García, 2015).…”

Section: External Factors Conditioning the Usage Of The Spanish Phone...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research on Spanish /r/ leaves unanswered questions with respect to the role of word position. While some studies show that speakers produce more occlusions word-initially (e.g., Díaz-Campos, 2008), others show that speakers do so word-medially (e.g., Repiso-Puigdelliura & Kim, 2021), and yet others show no effect of this predictor (e.g., Melero-García, 2018). For historical reasons, the evolution from Latin to modern Spanish resulted in a substantially higher number of word-medial minimal pairs between the tap and trill than across word boundaries (Hualde, 2004).…”

Section: Stress and Word Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociophonetic Investigation of the Spanish Alveolar Trill /r/ in Two Canonical-Trill Varieties

Henriksen¹,

Greenley

Galvano

2022

Lang Speech

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The “hyper-variation” present in rhotic sounds makes them particularly apt for sociophonetic research. This paper investigates the variable realization of the voiced alveolar-trill phoneme /r/ through an acoustic analysis of unscripted speech produced by 80 speakers of Spanish. Although the most common phonetic variant of /r/ contained two lingual constrictions, we find substantial inter-speaker variation in our data, ranging from zero to five lingual contacts. The results demonstrate that the variation in Spanish results from a systematic interaction of factors, deriving from well-documented processes of consonantal lenition (e.g., weakening in unstressed syllables) in addition to processes inherent to the trill’s articulation (e.g., high-vowel antagonism). Importantly, speaker sex displayed the strongest effect among all the predictors, which leads us to consider the role of sociolinguistic factors, in addition to possible biomechanical differences, on /r/ production. We contextualize the findings within a literature that theorizes rhotic consonants as a single class of sounds despite remarkable patterns of cross-language and speaker-specific variation.

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Sociolinguistic variation

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Acquisition during normative code-mixing: Trinidadian children’s varilingual pronoun usage

Acquisition during normative code-mixing: Trinidadian children’s varilingual pronoun usage

Converging Paths of Variation: Bilingual Rhotics and Language Change in the Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia

Sociophonetic Investigation of the Spanish Alveolar Trill /r/ in Two Canonical-Trill Varieties

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