Sod-Seeding Birdsfoot Trefoil in Established Orchardgrass With Overall or Banded Herbicides

Nichols, Robert L.; Peters, R. A.

doi:10.4141/cjps83-025

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Spraying the sward with paraquat was found to have a limited effect on sod-seeded legume populations and dry matter yields in a previous study (KUNELIUS et al 1982). In other studies, vegetation control with paraquat prior to sod-seeding legumes usually improved legume establishment and sward productivity (MUELLER-WARRANT and KOCH 1980, NICHOLS and PETERS 1983, OLSEN et al 1981, TAYLOR et al 1964, 1969.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of Seeding Date on the Growth of Sod‐seeded Lucerne

Kunelius¹,

Campbell²

1986

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is a valuable forage legume but it is short lived in many regions and periodic reseeding is necessary to maintain adequate lucerne in swards. Sod‐seeding is a fast, one pass method of renovation but variable seedling establishment of sod‐seeded lucerne has been experienced in the Atlantic Region of Canada. Experiments were conducted in two consecutive years to determine seeding date effects on establishment and growth of sod‐seeded lucerne in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) dominant swards at two sites. In the first experiment lucerne was sod‐seeded on four dates in swards, band sprayed with paraquat at 0.5 kg/ha−1, and was compared with sod‐seeded red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). In the second experiment the effects of four sod‐seeding dates of lucerne and broadcast or band spraying of paraquat in swards were determined. Sod‐seeding lucerne between late April and mid‐June resulted in the best establishment and yields. Yields of sod‐seeded lucerne were usually greater with broadcast than with band applied paraquat. Red clover established more readily and made a greater contribution to total yields than lucerne.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of Seeding Date on the Growth of Sod‐seeded Lucerne

Kunelius¹,

Campbell²

1986

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…B IRDSFOOT TREFOIL (Lotus cornicu/atus L.), an important forage legume species in North America, has low seedling vigor and can be difficult to establish. Seedling vigor can be improved by good inoculation (Kunelius and Clark, 1970), by reducing competition from other species (Linscott and Vaughan, 1982;Nichols and Peters, 1983), and by breeding (Draper and Wilsie, 1965;Twamley, 1974). Seombadi (Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa), a member of the Umbelliferae family, is being studied as a new forage crop in Korea (Yang, 1977).…”

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confidence: 99%

Temperature Effects on Germination of Birdsfoot Trefoil and Seombadi¹

Hur¹,

Nelson

1985

Agronomy Journal

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Forages are often planted in soils that are not at the optimum temperature for germination. Therefore, it is important to know the temperature range of germination and the temperature effect on germination rate. Our objective was to evaluate the time course of seed germination of ‘MO‐20’ birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.) and seombadi (Dystaenia takesimanaKitagawa), a member of the Umbelliferae family, using germination chambers at constant temperatures of 3,6,9,12,15,20,25, and 30 °C. Final germination of both species was highest at 20 °C. Time to radicle emergence of birdsfoot trefoil decreased as temperature increased. Seombadi seeds germinated only between 12 and 25 “C with little temperature influence on time to radicle emergence. Birdsfoot trefoil showed a linear relationship between germination temperature and the reciprocal of time to reach 50% of final germination, but there was no relationship for seombadi, suggesting factors other than temperature were controlling the response. Base temperature for germination of birdsfoot trefoil was calculated to be 4.7 °C. Germination rate of birdsfoot trefoil showed a marked increase between 9 and 12 °C, suggesting an Arrhenius response, Le., an abrupt change in effect of temperature.

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Emergence and Survival of Pasture Species Sown in Monocultures or Mixtures

Skinner

2005

Agronomy Journal

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Plant-plant interactions during seedling establishment can markate the rate of seedling emergence (Bergelson and Perry, edly affect the composition of pasture communities. This research examined the emergence, mortality, and early growth of four forage 1989). In some cases, shelter by neighboring plants was species commonly found in temperate northeastern U.S. pastures. necessary for seedling establishment (Ryser, 1993). Con-Species were selected based on functional group (grass vs. legume) versely, under less harsh environments earlier emerging and relative drought tolerance. Drought-tolerant species included individuals or individuals that emerge into a less com-'Penlate' orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and 'Viking' birdsfoot petitive environment can have both greater biomass and trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), while drought-sensitive species ingreater probability of survival than later emerging seedcluded 'Basion' perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and 'Will' lings (Ross and Harper, 1972; Miller, 1987; Bergelson white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Seeds were sown as monocultures, and Perry, 1989). This initial advantage appears to be as grass-legume binary mixtures, and as a complex, four-species mixan important feature of competition for light but not ture. Mixture complexity had only minor effects on seedling emerfor nutrients (Wilson, 1988). gence. However, legume mortality was significantly reduced in the complex compared with other mixtures in a year when high tempera-Increasing plant species diversity has the potential to ture and drought stress limited seedling establishment. In most cases increase both the productivity and stability of temperate there was a negative effect of neighbors on survival as evidenced by grasslands (Tilman, 1999; Hughes and Roughgarden, 2000; reduced clustering of surviving compared with emerged seedlings and Spehn et al., 2000). It, therefore, becomes essential to by a negative relationship between mortality rate and distance to the understand the dynamics of plant-plant interactions durnearest neighbor. However, in a drought year, perennial ryegrass ing multi-species pasture establishment. While much inmortality decreased as distance to the nearest neighbor decreased, formation is available on interplant interactions of masuggesting that survival was facilitated by the presence of neighbors. ture plants (Harper, 1977), relatively little information Although mixture complexity had significant effects on seedling emeris available on interactions during the seedling stage. gence and mortality, species composition in the binary and complex When seeds are sown in monoculture the fate of any mixtures could be predicted based on emergence and survival of monocultures. It appears that seedling emergence information particular individual is probably of minor importance gleaned from monocultures can be a useful tool for predicting initial as long as a vigorous stand is established. However, when species composition of more complex mixtures.

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Sod-Seeding Birdsfoot Trefoil in Established Orchardgrass With Overall or Banded Herbicides

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Seeding Date on the Growth of Sod‐seeded Lucerne

Effect of Seeding Date on the Growth of Sod‐seeded Lucerne

Temperature Effects on Germination of Birdsfoot Trefoil and Seombadi¹

Emergence and Survival of Pasture Species Sown in Monocultures or Mixtures

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Sod-Seeding Birdsfoot Trefoil in Established Orchardgrass With Overall or Banded Herbicides

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Seeding Date on the Growth of Sod‐seeded Lucerne

Effect of Seeding Date on the Growth of Sod‐seeded Lucerne

Temperature Effects on Germination of Birdsfoot Trefoil and Seombadi1

Emergence and Survival of Pasture Species Sown in Monocultures or Mixtures

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Product

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Temperature Effects on Germination of Birdsfoot Trefoil and Seombadi¹