Sodium‐23 NMR relaxation times in body fluids

Shinar, Hadassah

doi:10.1002/mrm.1910030613

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies have shown similar values of T 1 (25). 23 Na exhibits biexponential T 2 relaxation behavior in vivo due to interactions between the electric quadrupole moment of the nucleus and surrounding electronic environment (2,34). T 2f has been reported in the range of 1-3 ms in tissue (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by²³Na-MRI

Atthe

Babsky²,

Hopewell

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reabsorption of water and other molecules is dependent on the corticomedullary sodium concentration gradient in the kidney. During the early course of acute tubular necrosis (ATN), this gradient is altered. Therefore, 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to study the alterations in renal sodium distribution in the rat kidney during ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury, which induces ATN. In-magnet ischemia was induced for 0 (control), 10, 20, 30 or 50 min in Wistar rats. 23Na images were collected every 10 min during baseline, ischemia, and 60-min reperfusion periods. T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured by both 23Na-MRI and -MRS on a separate cohort of animals during ischemia and reperfusion for correction of relaxation-related tissue sodium concentration (TSC). A marked decrease was observed in the medulla and cortex 23Na-MRI signal intensity (SI) during the early evolution of ATN caused by IR injury, with the sodium reabsorption function of the kidney being irreversibly damaged after 50 min of ischemia. Sodium relaxation time characteristics were similar in the medulla and cortex of normal kidney, but significantly decreased with IR. The changes in relaxation times in both compartments were identical; thus the medulla-to-cortex sodium SI ratio represents the TSC ratio of both compartments. The extent of IR damage observed with histological examination correlated with the 23Na-MRI data. 23Na-MRI has great potential for noninvasive, clinical diagnosis of evolving ATN in the setup of acute renal failure and in differentiating ATN from other causes of renal failure where tubular function is maintained.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by²³Na-MRI

Atthe

Babsky²,

Hopewell

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Within the field of neurological disorders, human biofluid NMR metabolic profiles have been characterised in Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), schizophrenia and meningitis (1,2). The feasibility of CSF metabolite analysis, using NMR spectroscopy, was initially demonstrated over 20 years ago (3,4) and recognition that CSF metabolites were related to clinical conditions (5) paved the way for further research in this area (6)(7)(8). Of particular relevance to the clinical application of CSF metabolomics was the identification of disease-specific metabolites in MS, degenerative dementia, inflammatory spinal disease, vitamin B12 deficiency and in inborn errors of metabolism (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR‐based metabolomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and serum in neurological diseases – a diagnostic tool?

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We sought to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of metabolomic biomarker profiles in neurological conditions (idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), multiple sclerosis (MS) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) compared to controls with either no neurological disease or mixed neurological diseases). Spectra of CSF (n = 87) and serum (n = 72) were acquired using (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Multivariate pattern recognition analysis was used to identify disease-specific metabolite biomarker profiles. The metabolite profiles were then used to predict the diagnosis of a second cohort of patients (n = 25). CSF metabolite profiles were able to predict diagnosis with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% for both IIH and MS. The CVD serum metabolite profile was 75% sensitive and specific. On analysing the second patient cohort, the established metabolite biomarker profiles generated from the first cohort showed moderate ability to segregate patients with IIH and MS (sensitivity:specificity of 63:75% and 67:75%, respectively). These findings suggest that NMR spectroscopic metabolic profiling of CSF and serum can identify differences between IIH, MS, CVD and mixed neurological diseases. Metabolomics may, therefore, have the potential to be developed into a clinically useful diagnostic tool. The identification of disease-unique metabolites may also impart information on disease pathology.

show abstract

“…The intracellular relaxation times have been measured with shift reagent for frog hearts and were found to be 23 ms for T1, and 2 and 16 ms for a biexponential T2 (6). The relaxation times of extracellular fluids have also been measured in vitro (7) and were found to be longer than the intracellular times (54 ms for T1 and 53 ms for T2 of cerebrospinal fluid; 37 ms for T1 and 24 ms for T2 of plasma). With this information in mind, techniques have been devised which detect or emphasize only the signal with short relaxation times, such as the 2 ms T2 component of intracellular sodium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial sodium nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times in perfused hearts

Foy

Burstein

1990

Biophysical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Separation of intracellular and extracellular sodium nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals would enable nondestructive monitoring of intracellular sodium. It has been proposed that differences between the relaxation times of intracellular and extracellular sodium be used either directly or indirectly to separate the signal from each compartment. However, whereas intracellular sodium relaxation times have been characterized for some systems, these times were unknown for interstitial sodium. In this study, the interstitial sodium NMR relaxation times have been measured in perfused frog and rat hearts under control conditions. This was achieved by eliminating the NMR signal from the extracardiac (perfusate) sodium, and then quantifying the remaining cardiac signal. The intracellular signal was measured to be 8% (frog) or 22% (rat) of the cardiac signal and its subtraction was found to have a negligible effect on the cardiac relaxation times. Therefore this cardiac signal is considered to provide a good estimate of interstitial relaxation behavior. For perfused frog (rat) hearts under control conditions, this signal was found to have a T1 of 31.6 +/- 3.0 ms (27.3 +/- 1.6 ms) and a biexponential T2 of 1.9 +/- 1.0 ms (2.1 +/- 0.3 ms) and 25.2 +/- 1.3 ms (26.3 +/- 3.2 ms). Due to the methods used to separate cardiac signal from perfusate signal, it is possible that this characterized only a part of the signal from the interstitium. The short T2 component attributable to the interstitial signal indicates that separation of the NMR signals from each compartment on the basis of relaxation times alone may be difficult.

show abstract

Sodium‐23 NMR relaxation times in body fluids

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by²³Na-MRI

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by²³Na-MRI

NMR‐based metabolomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and serum in neurological diseases – a diagnostic tool?

Interstitial sodium nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times in perfused hearts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Sodium‐23 NMR relaxation times in body fluids

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by23Na-MRI

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by23Na-MRI

NMR‐based metabolomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and serum in neurological diseases – a diagnostic tool?

Interstitial sodium nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times in perfused hearts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by²³Na-MRI

Early monitoring of acute tubular necrosis in the rat kidney by²³Na-MRI