Sodium butyrate enhances intestinal integrity, inhibits mast cell activation, inflammatory mediator production and JNK signaling pathway in weaned pigs

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate on the intestinal barrier and mast cell activation, as well as inflammatory mediator production, and determine whether mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways are involved in these processes. A total of 72 piglets, weaned at 28 AE 1 d age, were allotted to two dietary treatments (control vs. 450 mg/kg sodium butyrate) for 2 wk. The results showed that supplemental sodium butyrate increased daily gain, improved intestinal morphology, as indicated by greater villus height and villus height:crypt depth ratio, and intestinal barrier function reflected by increased transepithelial electrical resistance and decreased paracellular flux of dextran (4 kDa). Moreover, sodium butyrate reduced the percentage of degranulated mast cells and its inflammatory mediator content (histamine, tryptase, TNF-a and IL-6) in the jejunum mucosa. Sodium butyrate also decreased the expression of mast cell-specific tryptase, TNF-a and IL-6 mRNA. Sodium butyrate significantly decreased the phosphorylated ratio of JNK whereas not affecting the phosphorylated ratios of ERK and p38. The results indicated that the protective effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal integrity were closely related to inhibition of mast cell activation and inflammatory mediator production, and that the JNK signaling pathway was likely involved in this process.

HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate prevents allergic rhinitis and alters lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the nasal mucosa of mice

“…The present study demonstrated that oral NaB for 7 weeks did not result in any adverse effects, and animals gained weight normally. In addition, a previous study revealed that NaB enhanced intestinal integrity in weaned pigs (32). Adding NaB increased the food intake of lactating sows and improved the growth of piglets (33).…”

Alginate oligosaccharide enhances intestinal integrity of weaned pigs through altering intestinal inflammatory responses and antioxidant status

“…13490 | RSC Adv., 2018,8,[13482][13483][13484][13485][13486][13487][13488][13489][13490][13491][13492] This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018…”

“…[4][5][6] Mast cell inammatory mediator release (e.g., proteases, histamine and cytokines) plays a major role in the intestinal barrier disruption during the post-weaning period. 7,8 Hence, controlling the intestinal mast cell inammatory mediators release may have benets in alleviating weaning-induced intestinal barrier damage in piglets. Furthermore, weaning can disrupt the oxidative balance and cause oxidative injury in the small intestine of piglets, so maintaining the antioxidant capacity is also crucial in preserving intestinal integrity.…”

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“…This has treatment implications, including the use of sodium butyrate, which maintains the gut barrier and attenuates the stress-induced increase in proinflammatory cytokines from mucosal mast cells that underpin psychological stress-induced gut permeability. 56 2.9 | Autonomic nervous system and alpha 7 nicotinic receptor…”