Sodium chloride effect on <i>Colobanthus quitensis</i> seedling survival and <i>in vitro</i> propagation

Cuba‐Díaz, Marely; Castel, Kriss; Acuña, Daniela; Machuca, Ángela; Cid, Ixia

doi:10.1017/s0954102016000432

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In other populations that have previously been studied such as La Parva and La Marisma, the number of shoots was found to be 2.8 and 0.7 on average per plantlet, respectively 16 , which is similar to what was observed in this work (Tables 2-4). In La Marisma, more than 40% of new shoots were observed after 28 days of cultivation 41 . No root development was observed in the Arctowski and Conguillío populations during the evaluation period of this study, but root formation was observed once the plantlets were subcultured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances of native and non-native Antarctic species to in vitro conservation: improvement of disinfection protocols

Cuba‐Díaz

Rivera-Mora

Navarrete

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Plants that inhabit Antarctica have raised scientific interest due to their resilience to climate change, abiotic tolerance mechanisms and potential biological applications. In vitro propagation is useful for conservation, genetic material availability of these species and avoiding mass collection in their habitat. In vitro culture protocols for the native plants Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica and the non-native Juncus bufonius have been affected by endophytic microorganisms that proliferate when introduced to tissue cultures. This study evaluated the microbicidal and phytotoxic effect of calcium hypochlorite (ca(clo) 2), silver nitrate (AgNO 3) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their use at different concentrations for different time periods. The Ca(ClO) 2 at 100 mg mL −1 showed the best microbial contamination control in D. antarctica (applied for 20 min) and for the three C. quitensis populations (applied for 15 min). In J. bufonius, AgNO 3 at 10 mg mL −1 for 10 min reduced the microbial growth, but oxidative damage was generated. AgNPs did not prevent contamination or have adverse effects on tissues. Survival plantlets from each treatment, population or species were effectively introduced to the tissue culture and their propagation was successful. these results constitute a fundamental advance for the introduction, propagation and conservation of Antarctic species and their use in scientific research. Global loss of biodiversity has increased considerably in recent years, which has made implementing conservation strategies essential for preserving and propagating plant genetic resources in each geographical region 1-3. One method of conservation is through the use of germplasm banks, or facilities and centers created to conserve genetic resources under favorable conditions to prolong their survival; the final objective is the ex-situ conservation of specific genetic diversity. They are a source of material that enables many possibilities for a species of interest, from developing new cultivable varieties, biological technologies, or to establishing ecological restoration plans 4. The Antarctic continent is an extreme ecosystem due to its adverse environmental conditions. Its organisms are exposed to restricted availability of water and nutrients, very low temperatures, frequent freezing and thawing cycles, prolonged periods of darkness in the winter and exposure to high UV radiation levels during summer. These environmental characteristics are inhospitable to most organisms that live in temperate areas 5. In addition, the increase in human activity in the region, and the confirmation that Antarctica is one of the critical points of global warming, make it a continent of highest priority for the conservation and development of multinational and multidisciplinary scientific challenges 6,7. There are only two native flowering plants that have been able to colonize some ice-free areas in the Antarctic Peninsula: Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae) and Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth.) Bartl....

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances of native and non-native Antarctic species to in vitro conservation: improvement of disinfection protocols

Cuba‐Díaz

Rivera-Mora

Navarrete

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Colobanthus quitensis is a species of special concern as the only representative of Dicotyledoneae in the maritime Antarctic ( Skottsberg, 1954 ). Colobanthus quitensis has been extensively studied to explore the morphological, physiological and biochemical features that constitute the basis of adaptation to extreme Antarctic conditions ( Bravo et al, 2007 ; Giełwanowska et al, 2011 ; Giełwanowska et al, 2014 ; Bascunan-Godoy et al, 2012 ; Navarrete-Gallegos et al, 2012 ; Pastorczyk, Giełwanowska & Lahuta, 2014 ; Cuba-Díaz et al, 2017 ). In contrast, very little is known about the genetic diversity of this species and the genus Colobanthus ( Androsiuk et al, 2015 ; Koc et al., in press ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The complete chloroplast genome ofColobanthus apetalus(Labill.) Druce: genome organization and comparison with related species

Androsiuk

Jastrzebski

Paukszto

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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Colobanthus apetalus is a member of the genus Colobanthus, one of the 86 genera of the large family Caryophyllaceae which groups annual and perennial herbs (rarely shrubs) that are widely distributed around the globe, mainly in the Holarctic. The genus Colobanthus consists of 25 species, including Colobanthus quitensis, an extremophile plant native to the maritime Antarctic. Complete chloroplast (cp) genomes are useful for phylogenetic studies and species identification. In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify the cp genome of C. apetalus. The complete cp genome of C. apetalus has the length of 151,228 bp, 36.65% GC content, and a quadripartite structure with a large single copy (LSC) of 83,380 bp and a small single copy (SSC) of 17,206 bp separated by inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,321 bp. The cp genome contains 131 genes, including 112 unique genes and 19 genes which are duplicated in the IRs. The group of 112 unique genes features 73 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, four rRNA genes and five conserved chloroplast open reading frames (ORFs). A total of 12 forward repeats, 10 palindromic repeats, five reverse repeats and three complementary repeats were detected. In addition, a simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis revealed 41 (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexanucleotide) SSRs, most of which were AT-rich. A detailed comparison of C. apetalus and C. quitensis cp genomes revealed identical gene content and order. A phylogenetic tree was built based on the sequences of 76 protein-coding genes that are shared by the eleven sequenced representatives of Caryophyllaceae and C. apetalus, and it revealed that C. apetalus and C. quitensis form a clade that is closely related to Silene species and Agrostemma githago. Moreover, the genus Silene appeared as a polymorphic taxon. The results of this study expand our knowledge about the evolution and molecular biology of Caryophyllaceae.

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“…quitensis became an interesting subject of morphophysiological investigations aiming to identify ecotypic variation (Gianoli et al 2004), to analyze its reproduction performance (Giełwanowska et al 2011;Sanhueza et al 2017) or identify the characteristic endophytic fungal communities (Santiago et al 2012(Santiago et al , 2017. Moreover, as the only representative of Magnoliopsida that grows in the extreme environmental conditions of the Antarctic, C. quitensis was extensively studied in terms of the morphological, physiological, and biochemical basis of adaptation to extremely cold climate, ample thermal oscillations, short vegetation season, high UV-B radiation, and salinity (Bravo et al 2007;Bascunan-Godoy et al 2012;Navarrete-Gallegos et al 2012;Cuba-Díaz et al 2017a). In contrast, the genetic diversity of this species is still poorly studied and deserves more attention.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Differentiation Of Colobanthus Quitensismentioning

confidence: 99%

Range-wide pattern of genetic variation in Colobanthus quitensis

et al. 2018

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There is only one species representing Magnoliopsida which is considered as native to the Antarctic, i.e., Antarctic pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis). Although it was intensively studied toward the morphophysiological adaptation to extreme environmental conditions of that area, there is still a lack of sufficient data on its genetic variability. Nine C. quitensis populations from Chile and the Maritime Antarctic were sampled to estimate the pattern of genetic variation in relation to the geographic distribution of analyzed populations and postglacial history of the species. The retrotransposon-based DNA marker system used in our studies appeared to be effective in revealing genetic polymorphism between individuals and genetic differentiation among populations. Although the level of polymorphism was low (9.57%), the Analysis of Molecular Variance showed that overall population differentiation was high (F ST = 0.6241) and revealed significant differentiation between the Northern and Southern Group of populations as well as the population from Conguillio Park. The observed genetic subdivision of C. quitensis populations was confirmed by Bayesian clustering and results of Principal Coordinates Analysis. The Southern Group of populations was characterized by generally higher genetic diversity, which was expressed by the values of the effective number of alleles, expected heterozygosity and by the distribution of private alleles. Our results suggest that the species may have survived the Last Glacial Maximum in refugia located both on the South American continent and in geographically isolated islands of the Maritime Antarctic, i.e., they support the concept of the multiregional origin of C. quitensis in Antarctica.

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Sodium chloride effect on Colobanthus quitensis seedling survival and in vitro propagation

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Advances of native and non-native Antarctic species to in vitro conservation: improvement of disinfection protocols

Advances of native and non-native Antarctic species to in vitro conservation: improvement of disinfection protocols

The complete chloroplast genome ofColobanthus apetalus(Labill.) Druce: genome organization and comparison with related species

Range-wide pattern of genetic variation in Colobanthus quitensis

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