This study aims to investigate the effect of some benzimidazole derivatives
on the germination parameters of bread and durum wheat varieties. These
derivatives contain both unsubstituted and substituted benzimidazole
structures to determine the effect of the substituents on germination. Three
different durum wheat varieties (?e?it-1252, Eminbey, and K?z?ltan-91) and
three different bread wheat varieties (Demir 2000, Bayraktar 2000, and
Tosunbey) were used in the study. First, 1H-benzimidazole (1) and
5-nitro-1H-benzimidazole (2) compounds were used to synthesize dinitro
compounds (5,6-dnitro-1H-benzimidazole (3),
5,6-dinitro-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole (4)) in order to investigate the
effects of wheat on germination characteristics. Subsequently, these
compounds were each reduced to nitroamine compounds
(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-benzimidazole-6-amine (5),
5-nitro-1H-benzimidazole-6-amine (6)). Azo dyes
(1-[(5-nitro-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-ol (7),
1-[(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-benzimidazol- 6-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-ol (8))
and Schiff base compound
(2-[(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)imino]methyl}phenol (9)) were
synthesized from nitroamine compounds. Wheat samples whose germination
parameters were to be investigated were treated with benzimidazole
derivatives synthesized at a concentration of 10-6M. Germination rates,
coleoptile lengths, and root lengths of wheat varieties were measured on the
8th day of germination. The obtained results demonstrated that the
efficiency of the benzimidazole compounds varied depending on the wheat
varieties and germination parameters. 5-nitro-1H-benzimidazole-6-amine (6)
had the greatest effect on germination rate while 1H-benzimidazole (1) had
the greatest effect on root and coleoptile lengths in all varieties.