Sodium doping mechanism on sol-gel processed kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films

Laghfour, Z.; Aazou, Safae; Taïbi, M.; Schmerber, G.; Ulyashin, A.; Dinia, A.; Slaoui, A.; Abd‐Lefdil, M.; Sekkat, Zouheir

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2018.05.018

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…RESULTS AND DISCUSSION XRD analysis Figure 1 shows the X-ray diffraction patterns of Na-doped CZTS films. The figure reveals peaks located at 2θ ~ 28.53°, 33.24°, 47.56° and 56.36°, assigned to the planes (112), ( 200), ( 220) and (312) of CZTS kesterite structure respectively based on (ICDD) card number (26-0575) and this is in agreement with the results of previous studies [10][11][12]. The peak appeared at 2θ ~ 76.5 o in the XRD pattern of the undoped sample (CZTS1) is assigned to (332) plane and it disappears in the patterns of all doped samples.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The peak appeared at 2θ ~ 76.5 o in the XRD pattern of the undoped sample (CZTS1) is assigned to (332) plane and it disappears in the patterns of all doped samples. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the films have multiple diffraction peaks, indicating that the films are polycrystalline with a tetragonal crystal structure, with the preferred growth direction (112) occurring at 2θ ~ 28.5 o , which is consistent with previous studies [10,11]. From tetragonal structure the interplanar spacing (d) is given by [13]:…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

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Effect of Na Doping on Some Physical Properties of Chemically Sprayed CZTS Thin Films

Mahdi

Bakr

2022

EEJP

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In this work, sodium-doped copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin films are prepared by depositing them on glass substrates at temperature of (400±10) °C and thickness of (350±10) nm using Chemical Spray Pyrolysis (CSP) technique. 0.02 M of copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl2.2H2O), 0.01 M of zinc chloride (ZnCl2), 0.01 M of tin chloride dihydrate (SnCl2.2H2O), and 0.16 M of thiourea (SC(NH2)2) were used as sources of copper, zinc, tin, and sulphur ions respectively. Sodium chloride (NaCl) at different volumetric ratios of (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9) % was used as a dopant source. The solution is sprayed on glass substrates. XRD diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, UV-Vis-NIR, and Hall effect techniques were used to investigate the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the produced films. The XRD diffraction results revealed that all films are polycrystalline, with a tetragonal structure and a preferential orientation along the (112) plane. The crystallite size of all films was estimated using Scherrer's method, and it was found that the crystallite size decreases as the doping ratio increases. The FESEM results revealed the existence of cauliflower-shaped nanoparticles. The optical energy band gap was demonstrated to have a value ranging from 1.6 to 1.51 eV with a high absorption coefficient (α ≥104 cm-1) in the visible region of the spectrum. Hall measurements showed that the conductivity of CZTS thin films with various Na doping ratios have p-type electrical conductivity, and it increases as the Na doping ratio increases.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of Na Doping on Some Physical Properties of Chemically Sprayed CZTS Thin Films

Mahdi

Bakr

2022

EEJP

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“…In the case of Na, the origin of its beneficial effect on CIGSSe of this doping has been largely discussed in the past 20 years . Grain growth and texturization, interfaces and grain boundaries passivation, impact on In and Ga re‐distribution, and control of the carrier concentrations are frequently ascribed to Na incorporation in CIGSSe .…”

Section: Introduction: Positioning Kesterite In the Thin Film Chalcogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

et al. 2019

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The latest progress and future perspectives of thin film photovoltaic kesterite technology are reviewed herein. Kesterite is currently the most promising emerging fully inorganic thin film photovoltaic technology based on critical raw-material-free and sustainable solutions. The positioning of kesterites in the frame of the emerging inorganic solar cells is first addressed, and the recent history of this family of materials briefly described. A review of the fast progress achieved earlier this decade is presented, toward the relative slowdown in the recent years partly explained by the large opencircuit voltage (V OC ) deficit recurrently observed even in the best solar cell devices in the literature. Then, through a comparison with the close cousin Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 technology, doping and alloying strategies are proposed as critical for enhancing the conversion efficiency of kesterite. In the second section herein, intrinsic and extrinsic doping, as well as alloying strategies are reviewed, presenting the most relevant and recent results, and proposing possible pathways for future implementation. In the last section, a review on technological applications of kesterite is presented, going beyond conventional photovoltaic devices, and demonstrating their suitability as potential candidates in advanced tandem concepts, photocatalysis, thermoelectric, gas sensing, etc.Kesterite Photovoltaics He has supervised ten Ph.D. theses in the photovoltaic field. He is currently the coordinator of the research and innovation H2020 project STARCELL (www.starcell.eu), and the RISE (Marie Curie) project INFINITE-CELL (www.infinite-cell.eu).the V OC deficit for bandgaps close to 1.0 or 1.5 eV are comparable, and one can consider that kesterite is reasonably close to the state of the art of chalcopyrite materials in that range. But, while for kesterite the V OC deficit increases almost monotonically with the bandgap, it is markedly reduced for intermediate

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“…Li, Na, K, and Rb is one of the ways to enhance the film quality. Doping in CZTS thin-film has been proved to be positive effects such as promoting crystal growth, reducing point defects, reducing the secondary phase, increasing p-type carrier concentration, and passivating the grain boundaries [8][9][10][11][12] resulting in increasing solar cell efficiency [28]. In this thesis, Nadoped in CZTS thin-film was focused.…”

Section: Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there are several studies that attempted to improve the CZTS thin-film by doping with alkali metals such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and rubidium (Rb). Doping these metals into CIGS and CZTS thin-film have been proved to be positive effects such as promoting crystal growth, reducing point defects, reducing the secondary phase, increasing p-type carrier concentration, and passivating the grain boundaries [8][9][10][11][12]. The metal doping can be done both after thin-film deposition by depositing the metal solution onto the CZTS thin-film and during thinfilm deposition by adding the metal in the CZTS precursor solution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sodium doping effects on properties of CZTS thin filmsfabricated by sol-gel convective deposition technique

Sukchoy¹

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Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an interesting candidate for thin-film solar cell applications due to its availability and attractive properties (energy band gap of 1.5 eV and high absorption coefficient). However, CZTS solar cell performance is limited because of the defect formation from small grain size, pinholes, rough surface, and negative defects in CZTS such as CuZn. One of the most possible ways to reduce these negative defects, and to increase solar cell performance is by doping with sodium. In this work, CZTS films were synthesized by sol-gel convective deposition technique and Na was doped in CZTS film using 2 different methods: 1) 5, 10, and 15 mg/ml of NaCl solutions were deposited on CZTS thin-film and 2) 5%, 10%, and 15% of NaCl were mixed with CZTS solution before deposited on a substrate. It was found from the results that Na-doped CZTS thin-films obtained from both methods could improve the grain size, enhance film compactness, reduce the grain boundaries and surface roughness. The energy band gap of the CZTS films was in range of 1.5-1.6 eV which was suitable for the solar cell application. Further investigation revealed that the VOC, JSC, and FF of Na-doped CZTS thin-film solar cells were improved accordingly, leading to better solar cell performance. The solar cell efficiency was increased from 0.04% (undoped CZTS thin-film) to 0.18% (15 mg/ml of NaCl solution doped on the CZTS-thin-film).

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Sodium doping mechanism on sol-gel processed kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Na Doping on Some Physical Properties of Chemically Sprayed CZTS Thin Films

Effect of Na Doping on Some Physical Properties of Chemically Sprayed CZTS Thin Films

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

Sodium doping effects on properties of CZTS thin filmsfabricated by sol-gel convective deposition technique

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