Sodium-glucose co-transporter2 expression and inflammatory activity in diabetic atherosclerotic plaques: Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter2 inhibitor treatment

Essential Fatty Acids as Biomedicines in Cardiac Health

“…In patients with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases represent one of the major causes of death, as they are highly exposed to plaque instability and have higher SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) expression, inflammation, and oxidative stress. It has been reported that lower level SGLT2i-treated patients with type 2 diabetes presented lower inflammation and ion and oxidative stress, thus indicating a more stable plaque phenotype [85]. As hyperglycemia can have pro-atherogenic effects, we can conclude that miRs can indeed be responsible for plaque instability and rupture in ACAS patients with pre-diabetes, which emphasizes the importance of controlling their action in ACAS patients.…”

SGLT2-inhibitors modulate the Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and reduce the vaso-vagal syncope recurrence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the SCAN study

“…On the other hand, the two-dose groups for empaglifozin, and the group under canaglifozin had a similar hazard ratio for cardiovascular outcomes. Thus, we might con rm the cardio-protective effects of the SGLT2-I, via the reduction of the volume overload and the blood pressure (13), with anti-in ammatory properties, and the modulation of the autonomic system (14). In our study, the SGLT2-I users vs. Non-SGLT2-I users had a signi cant down-regulation of in ammatory markers, norepinephrine serum values, and HR (p<0.05) at the follow-up end.…”

Effects of Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2-I) in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) Treated by Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting via MiECC: Inflammatory Burden, and Clinical Outcomes at 5 Years of Follow-Up

“…Similarly, the SGLT2-I canagliflozin caused either a glucose-independent upregulation of cardiac survival pathways leading to cardioprotective effects in high-risk cardiovascular patients irrespective of diabetic status ( Lim et al, 2019 ). Finally, among the T2DM patients, the current vs non-SGLT2-I users presented a significantly lower rate of major adverse cardiac events in 2 years following endarterectomy ( D'Onofrio et al, 2021 ). However, this could confirm the critical involvement of the SGLT2 in the inflammatory process of diabetic atherosclerotic lesions and suggest its possible favorable modulation by SGLT2-I that could lead to the best clinical outcomes ( D'Onofrio et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Finally, among the T2DM patients, the current vs non-SGLT2-I users presented a significantly lower rate of major adverse cardiac events in 2 years following endarterectomy ( D'Onofrio et al, 2021 ). However, this could confirm the critical involvement of the SGLT2 in the inflammatory process of diabetic atherosclerotic lesions and suggest its possible favorable modulation by SGLT2-I that could lead to the best clinical outcomes ( D'Onofrio et al, 2021 ).…”