Sodium‐Ion Storage Properties of FeS–Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Powder with a Crumpled Structure

Lee, Seung Yeon; Kang, Yun Chan

doi:10.1002/chem.201504579

Cited by 105 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…As seen in Figure 2a, only limited amount of N 2 can be ad/desorbed by PB3-1S even at high pressure, while for PBC1-1S the quantity of N 2 ad/desorbed is larger, exhibiting a typical IV type isotherms. [21] The intense satellite structure (marked as sat in figure) is assumed to be a direct consequence of the band structure associated with octahedral Fe 2+ in the sulfide lattice, which allows for admixture of sulfur 2p character. The pore size distribution of PB3-1S and PBC1-1S can be seen from the inset in Figure 2a, it is found that PB3-1S hardly exhibits any porous structure, in line with the random isolated particles observed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) (Figure 1b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves were tested to investigate the electrochemical behavior of the sulfidized products PB3-1S and PBC1-1S as anodes for SIB, as shown in Figure 3a,b. In the first cycle, the two cathodic peaks at ≈0.5 and ≈0.8 V can be ascribed to the multistep sodiation mechanism, including the sodium insertion that forms sodiated metal sulfides and the conversion mechanism forming metal and Na 2 S. [20,21] In the sodium insertion mechanism, Na + ions will be inserted into the crystal sites in the sulfides without changing the crystal structure. In the first cycle, the two cathodic peaks at ≈0.5 and ≈0.8 V can be ascribed to the multistep sodiation mechanism, including the sodium insertion that forms sodiated metal sulfides and the conversion mechanism forming metal and Na 2 S. [20,21] In the sodium insertion mechanism, Na + ions will be inserted into the crystal sites in the sulfides without changing the crystal structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15,16] However, the achievable capacity is limited to lower than 300 mA h g −1 even at a low current density. [20][21][22] For example polydopamine (PDA) coating has been shown to be effective in providing a carbon layer to protect the electrodes. [17,18] Nonetheless, the main issue of metal sulfides as anode is the severe volume expansion or shrinkage caused by sodiation/desodiation during electrochemical tests, leading to limited capacity, rate performance, and cycle life.…”

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Carbon Coated Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes as Advanced Sodium Ion Battery Anode

Chen

Kumar

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

142

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specific cost/Ah of SIB is estimated to be ten times lower than that of LIB counterparts, thus sodium ion batteries are highly attractive for stationary applications, where energy density is not critical. [2,3,[5][6][7] In SIB, many developments have been made at the cathode, including sodium layered oxides, [8] phosphates, [9,10] Prussian blue analogs, [11,12] etc. It was reported that carbon coated Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode can realize a power density that outperforms the carbon coated LiFePO 4 based LIB. [13] However, the anode still needs to be further developed as the typical graphitic carbons anode in LIB cannot intercalate Na + ions. [5,14] Instead of typical graphite, hard carbon and expanded graphite have been developed as anode materials for SIB with enhanced specific capacity. [15,16] However, the achievable capacity is limited to lower than 300 mA h g −1 even at a low current density. Metal sulfides as anode materials have high theoretical capacity and good electronic conductivity, delivering capacity higher than the carbon (hard carbon or expanded graphite) anode. [17,18] Nonetheless, the main issue of metal sulfides as anode is the severe volume expansion or shrinkage caused by sodiation/desodiation during electrochemical tests, leading to limited capacity, rate performance, and cycle life. [19] One way to overcome this problem is to introduce carbon-based materials, which can improve the electronic conductivity as well as to buffer the stress caused by volume changes, thus enhancing both the cycling stability and rate performance. [20][21][22] For example polydopamine (PDA) coating has been shown to be effective in providing a carbon layer to protect the electrodes. [23,24] The second way is to design hierarchical nanostructures with hollow interiors, which can provide internal space for the volume expansion, thus enhancing the cycling stability. [25] The other way is to employ bimetallic sulfides which exhibit richer redox/conversion reactions compared with monometallic sulfides, the formation of separated nanoscopic structures of metal sulfides has a buffering effect in the first cycle, leading to enhanced capacity and cycling stability. [26] Prussian blue analogs with divalent and trivalent metal ions bridged by the linear CN anions have a 3D open framework with large interstitial sites, providing pathways for Na + conduction, thus it has been applied as cathode materials for SIB. [11,27,28] Moreover, Prussian blue analogs can easily form a nanocube morphology in the preparation process, thus it is Sodium ion battery (SIB) as a next-generation battery has been drawing much attention due to the abundance and even distribution of sodium source. Metal sulfides with high theoretical capacity and good electrical conductivity are promising anode candidates for SIB, however, the structural collapse caused by severe volume change during the de/sodiation process typically results in a fast capacity decay, limited rate capability, and cycling stability. In this work, by careful composition and struct...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Coated Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes as Advanced Sodium Ion Battery Anode

Chen

Kumar

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

142

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“…The O element can be ascribed to the residual oxygen functional groups attached to the surface of rGO NSs. [32][33][34][35] The Fe 2p spectrum (Figure 3f) shows two peaks located at 708.9 and 721.4 eV, which can be ascribed to Fe 2p 3/2 and Fe 2p 1/2 of Fe 2+ , respectively. [31] The high-resolution S 2p spectrum (Figure 3e) can be fitted to four peaks located at 161.4, 162.6, 163.9, and 165.1 eV.…”

Section: Physicochemical and Structural Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in the C 1s spectrum (Figure 3d), CO (epoxy or alkoxy) and CO (carbonyl or carboxyl) groups have been identified and their low peak intensity confirms the successful reduction of GO. [16,27,[32][33][34][35] The first two peaks correspond to S 2− , whereas the other two centered at higher binding energy belong to S n 2− , both of which are characteristics of iron sulfides.…”

Section: Physicochemical and Structural Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ternary Fe₁₋_xS@Porous Carbon Nanowires/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Film Electrode with Superior Volumetric and Gravimetric Capacities for Flexible Sodium Ion Batteries

Liu

Fang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

207

119

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Smart construction of ultraflexible electrodes with superior gravimetric and volumetric capacities is still challenging yet significant for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) toward wearable electronic devices. Herein, a hybrid film made of hierarchical Fe1−xS‐filled porous carbon nanowires/reduced graphene oxide (Fe1−xS@PCNWs/rGO) is synthesized through a facile assembly and sulfuration strategy. The resultant hybrid paper exhibits high flexibility and structural stability. The multidimensional paper architecture possesses several advantages, including rendering an efficient electron/ion transport network, buffering the volume expansion of Fe1−xS nanoparticles, mitigating the dissolution of polysulfides, and enabling superior kinetics toward efficient sodium storage. When evaluated as a self‐supporting anode for SIBs, the Fe1−xS@PCNWs/rGO paper electrode exhibits remarkable reversible capacities of 573–89 mAh g−1 over 100 consecutive cycles at 0.1 A g−1 with areal mass loadings of 0.9–11.2 mg cm−2 and high volumetric capacities of 424–180 mAh cm−3 in the current density range of 0.2–5 A g−1. More competitively, a SIB based on this flexible Fe1−xS@PCNWs/rGO anode demonstrates outstanding electrochemical properties, thus highlighting its enormous potential in versatile flexible and wearable applications.

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Nanostructured Conversion‐Type Negative Electrode Materials for Low‐Cost and High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Wei

Wang

Tan

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

154

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Emerging sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted a great attention as promising energy storage devices because of their low cost and resource abundance. Nevertheless, it is still a major challenge to develop anode materials with outstanding rate capability and excellent cycling performance. Compared to intercalation-type anode materials, conversion-type anode materials are very potential due to their high specific capacity and low cost. A new insight and summary on the recent research advances on nanostructured conversion-type anode materials for SIBs is provided herein. The corresponding synthesis methods, sodium storage properties, electrochemical mechanisms, advanced techniques on studying the crystal structures, and optimization strategies for high-performance batteries are presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives for the future development of conversion-type anode materials in the energy storage fields are proposed. Figure 17. a) Time-lapse images showing the evolution of morphology of a CuO NW at an applied voltage of −3 V during the first sodiation process. b,c) In situ TEM images showing the 1st sodiation and the 1st desodiation of the single SnO 2 nanowire, respectively. d) Time-resolved TEM images from video frames show morphology and structure evolution as a function of sodiation time and its electron diffraction (ED) patterns. Schematic and structural evolution of e,f) the V 2 O 3 ⊂C-NTs and g,h) V 2 O 3 ⊂C-NTs⊂rGO electrodes observed by in situ TEM experiments, respectively, during constant potential discharge at 5 V. i,k) The morphology evolution of two α-MoO 3 nanobelts during the first sodiation process in a low magnification, in which the red arrows denote the reaction front. j) The measured relationship between the sodiation front position and the sodiation time for above two α-MoO 3 nanobelts. l) Time-resolved TEM images from video frames show the sodiation process of an individual Co 9 S 8 -filled CNT with an open end. All scale bars are 200 nm. m) Time-resolved TEM images from video frames reveal the appearance of fractures during the electrochemical sodiation process of an individual Co 9 S 8 -filled CNT with closed ends. All scale bars are 100 nm. n) Schematic showing the setup of the in situ experiment. HAADF-STEM images showing o) pristine and p) sodiated FeF 2 NPs and q) cropped time-lapse frames throughout the sodiation process. a) Reproduced with permission. [131]

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Sodium‐Ion Storage Properties of FeS–Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Powder with a Crumpled Structure

Cited by 105 publications

References 64 publications

Carbon Coated Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes as Advanced Sodium Ion Battery Anode

Carbon Coated Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes as Advanced Sodium Ion Battery Anode

A Ternary Fe₁₋_xS@Porous Carbon Nanowires/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Film Electrode with Superior Volumetric and Gravimetric Capacities for Flexible Sodium Ion Batteries

Nanostructured Conversion‐Type Negative Electrode Materials for Low‐Cost and High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

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Sodium‐Ion Storage Properties of FeS–Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Powder with a Crumpled Structure

Cited by 105 publications

References 64 publications

Carbon Coated Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes as Advanced Sodium Ion Battery Anode

Carbon Coated Bimetallic Sulfide Hollow Nanocubes as Advanced Sodium Ion Battery Anode

A Ternary Fe1−xS@Porous Carbon Nanowires/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Film Electrode with Superior Volumetric and Gravimetric Capacities for Flexible Sodium Ion Batteries

Nanostructured Conversion‐Type Negative Electrode Materials for Low‐Cost and High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

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A Ternary Fe₁₋_xS@Porous Carbon Nanowires/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Film Electrode with Superior Volumetric and Gravimetric Capacities for Flexible Sodium Ion Batteries