Sodium percarbonate as a novel intracoronal bleaching agent: assessment of the associated risk of cervical root resorption

Abstract

Aim To evaluate the extraradicular peroxide release from sodium percarbonate compared to sodium perborate as an intracoronal bleaching agent. Methodology Sixty mandibular single‐rooted premolars with intact CEJ were selected. After root filling, gutta‐percha was removed 4 mm apical to CEJ and 2 mm of GIC was condensed over the root filling. Intracoronal bleaching agents were placed into six groups of teeth (n = 10): sodium perborate with distilled water (SPW); sodium percarbonate with distilled water (SPCW); sodium perborate with 30% hydrogen peroxide (SPHP); sodium percarbonate with 30% hydrogen peroxide (SPCHP); 30% hydrogen peroxide as positive control (HP) and distilled water as negative control (CL). The teeth were then mounted in vials filled with distilled water, kept in an incubator and taken out at 1, 3 and 6 days for spectrophotometric analysis. Extraradicular peroxide release was quantified by the ferrothiocyanate method. Statistical analysis was undertaken with one‐way anova and Scheffe post hoc tests. Results The greatest peroxide release occurred in the HP group, followed by the SPCHP and SPHP groups, and then by the SPCW and SPW groups. Intergroup comparison revealed that there was no significant difference in peroxide release among the groups SPCW and SPW on days 1, 3 and 6 (P > 0.05). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the SPCHP and SPHP treated groups on days 1, 3 and 6 (P > 0.05). Conclusion Extraradicular peroxide release from sodium percarbonate was comparable to that of sodium perborate, as the differences were not significant.

Evaluation of the penetration of intracoronal bleaching agents into the cervical region using different intraorifice barriers

“…Additionally, variations in the relationship and the type of the CEJ are associated with radicular peroxide penetration. Moreover, several researchers have detected that dentine was not exposed to CEJ in premolar teeth, in comparison to others [28,30].…”

“…Our findings revealed that HP showed significantly greater peroxide penetration against the SP in GIC and TheraBase groups on the 1st and 4th days (P < 0.05). Previous studies also reported that HP showed the greatest peroxide leakage in contrast to SP when GIC was used as an intraorifice barrier [30,32,35,36]. HP is the main intracoronal bleaching agent, which is a thermally unstable free radical with reduced molecular weight.…”

“…To obtain the peroxide penetration levels, various methods can be used such as pH changes [26], titration, colorimetric analysis as well as the usage of horseradish peroxidase [27]. In this study, the colorimetric ferric thiocyanate technique was employed due to its simplicity and its frequent use among researchers for analyzing peroxide penetration [22,[28][29][30][31].…”

“…In the current research, single-rooted mandibular premolars of young patients that had been atraumatically extracted due to orthodontic factors (14-25 years) were used. One of the reasons for preferring these teeth is that they can be found easily in addition to the fact that previous studies have also used similar teeth on peroxide diffusion [30,32,33]. Additionally, variations in the relationship and the type of the CEJ are associated with radicular peroxide penetration.…”

Energy-Saving One-Step Pre-Treatment Using an Activated Sodium Percarbonate System and Its Bleaching Mechanism for Cotton Fabric

“…SPC has been widely applied as household and industrial detergents due to its non-polluting property [ 14 , 19 , 20 ]. There are also some reports about SPC bleaching that focused on mechanical pulp [ 21 , 22 ], printed paper [ 23 ], lining leathers [ 24 ], nonvital teeth [ 25 ] and so on. After being dissolved in water, SPC can steadily release H 2 O 2 to keep a suitable decomposition rate of H 2 O 2 , thus reducing thus reducing the invalid decomposition of H 2 O 2 [ 6 ].…”