Sodium Silicate Catalyst for Synthesis Monoacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol-Rich Structured Lipids: Product Characteristic and Glycerolysis–Interesterification Kinetics

Abstract

Sodium silicate as heterogeneous base catalysts is more environmentally friendly and easily separated by filtration. The objective of this research was to evaluate the activated sodium silicate as catalyst for synthesis of monoacylglycerol (MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG)-rich structured lipids (SLs) from a palm olein-stearin blend. Sodium silicate was activated and functional group was characterized. Reaction was performed using 5% catalyst (w/w) at various reaction temperature (70–120 °C) for 3 h in a batch stirred tank reactor. Physical properties of SLs, such as melting point, slip melting point, and hardness of SLs were determined. Reaction kinetics were also evaluated. The results show that Si−O bending was reduced and shifted to a Si−O−Na and Si−O−Si functional groups after sodium silicate activation. Temperature had a significant effect on SLs composition at higher than 90 °C. An increase in temperature produced more MAG, resulting in better product physical properties. The best reaction condition was at 110 °C. Rate constants and the Arrhenius equation were also obtained for each reaction step. In summary, the activated sodium silicate catalyzed glycerolysis-interesterification reaction, which produced MAG and DAG at temperature higher than 90 °C. Therefore, the physical properties of SLs were improved. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Sintesis Mono- Dan Diasilgliserol Dari Minyak Goreng Kelapa Dan Gliserol

“…Penelitian yang dilakukan Wangi (2022) melaporkan bahwa konstanta kecepatan reaksi pembentukan DAG sangat tinggi sehingga produk DAG yang dihasilkan lebih banyak daripada MAG. Masalah ini kemungkinan besar terjadi karena akumulasi MAG seiring berjalannya waktu menggeser kesetimbangan reaksi ke arah DAG, seperti yang dilaporkan oleh Moquin (2005).…”

High shear reactor for glycerolysis—Interesterification palm stearin‐olein blend: Reaction kinetics and physical properties

“…The glycerolysis-interesterification process was modified according to Wangi et al (2022). The oil was prepared by mixing a 1:4 (w/w) ratio of palm stearin and palm olein.…”

“…According to Subroto et al (2019) and Wangi et al (2022), the acyl glycerol profile was analyzed using the TLC method. Samples were spotted on a TLC Silica gel 60 F254 plate and placed in a chamber with a mobile phase mixture of n-hexane, diethyl ether, and acetic acid (80:20:2, v/v/v).…”

“…The melting point was analyzed using the AOCS Official Method Cc 1-25 44, 45, according to the previous research by Wangi et al (2022). The samples were prepared by melting them at 80 C for 15 min and placing them in a capillary tube with a height of about 1 cm.…”

“…The product hardness is analyzed using Zwick Roell AG zwickiLine Z0.5 universal testing machine following the previous research by Wangi et al (2022). The samples were prepared by melting them at 80 C for 15 min and placing them in a sample cup for about 1.5 cm depth.…”