Sodium transport system in plant cells

Abstract

Since sodium, Na, is a non-essential element for the plant growth, the molecular mechanism of Na+ transport system in plants has remained elusive for the last two decades. The accumulation of Na+ in soil through irrigation for sustainable agricultural crop production, particularly in arid land, and by changes in environmental and climate conditions leads to the buildup of toxic level of salts in the soil. Since the latter half of the twentieth century, extensive molecular research has identified several classes of Na+ transporters that play major roles in the alleviation of ionic stress by excluding toxic Na+ from the cytosol or preventing Na+ transport to the photosynthetic organs, and also in osmotic stress by modulating intra/extracellular osmotic balance. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of three major Na+ transporters, namely NHX, SOS1, and HKT transporters, including recently revealed characteristics of these transporters.

NaCl-PRIMING MITIGATES OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AND Na+ ACCUMULATION AND ENHANCES SALT TOLERANCE IN SORGHUM PLANTS

“…2A and 2B). Consistently, a low Na + accumulation together with elevated K + /Na + ratio has been considered as an important mechanism for salt tolerance in plant species (Yamaguchi et al, 2013;Miranda et al, 2017). In fact, our findings demonstrated that the most salt tolerant sorghum plants (P10-acclimated) showed a lower content of toxic Na + ions coupled to greater K + /Na + ratio in leaves ( Fig.…”

Expression of genes related to Na+exclusion and proline accumulation in tolerant and susceptible wheat genotypes under salt stress

“…TaSOS1 gene has been reported to be associated with sodium exclusion at plasmalemma level in root tissues (Apse and Blumwald 2002). Other reports also indicated higher expression of TaSOS1 gene transcript in roots (Benderradji et al 2011;Cuin et al 2011;Yamaguchi et al 2013) under salt stress. There was 27.57-fold increase in the expression of TaNHX1 gene in leaf and 3.07-fold in the roots Kh 65 while 3.67-fold in leaf and 0.87-fold in root of HD 2009 under salt stress.…”

A Magnesium Transporter OsMGT1 Plays a Critical Role in Salt Tolerance in Rice

“…Osmotic stress causes inhibitions of water uptake, cell elongation, and leaf development, while ionic stress results in high Na accumulation in the shoots, which decreases protein synthesis, enzymatic reactions, and photosynthetic processes (Zhu, 2001;Horie et al, 2012;Deinlein et al, 2014). Therefore, restricting Na accumulation to the shoots (especially in the leaves) is important to protect plants from ionic Na + stress (Davenport et al, 2005;Yamaguchi et al, 2013).…”