Soft detoxification of chemical warfare agent simulants and pesticides under pressure

Mansour, Sergui; Silva, Valmir B.; Orth, Elisa S.; Legros, Julien

doi:10.1039/d2ob01217k

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These results can be accounted for by considering that the organic bases acted as nucleophiles rather than proton-accepting bases, and as a result, they directly participated in the reactions. 25,26,34 Although hydrolysis products were observed in the reactions of GD with the aqueous organic base solutions, GHa or GHb were observed only in small amounts despite the high conversion rates, and their amounts tended to decrease over time. This was attributed to the fact that the hydrolysis and aminolysis reactions occurred competitively in these systems.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, in the methanolic and ethanolic solutions of the organic bases, only aminolysis products (i.e., HSc and HSd ) were observed, with no alcoholysis or elimination products detected. These results can be accounted for by considering that the organic bases acted as nucleophiles rather than proton-accepting bases, and as a result, they directly participated in the reactions. ,, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutralization and Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents using Homogeneous Chemical Solutions

Kim

Jung

2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are fatal to humans. Although various materials have been reported to show excellent performance in the neutralization and chemical decontamination of CWAs, it is difficult to directly compare their performances because they have been evaluated under different reaction conditions. In this study, the conversion rates achieved and products obtained for various CWAs upon reaction with different homogeneous chemical solutions (acting as neutralizers) under the same conditions are systematically examined using gas chromatography. The results allowed for identification of the chemicals that exhibit excellent neutralization performances for the various CWAs, while also providing fundamental kinetic data that can be used to predict the tendencies of the reactions between CWAs and other chemicals. The results also show that each chemical solution exhibits different strengths and weaknesses in terms of their reactivities toward the targeted CWAs, the time required to achieve complete neutralization, and the toxicities of the products produced during the neutralization reactions. Based on the obtained results, it is expected that the efficient compositional design of neutralizers and decontaminants will be possible, and the development of materials exhibiting superior performances should also be facilitated.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization and Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents using Homogeneous Chemical Solutions

Kim

Jung

2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…GO was obtained from graphite (National Graphite Company ‐ graflake 99580 99.84 %) using a modified Hummers method for oxidizing graphite [28] . DEDNPP was obtained according to a method previously reported [29] …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site‐selective Mono‐ and Bifunctionalization of Graphene Oxide: Screening Nanocatalysts for Organophosphate Degradation

Santos,

Martinez,

Veiga

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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Targeted multiple functionalization is a promising tool for developing nanocatalysts for the degradation of toxic organophosphates, present in many agrochemicals and chemical warfare. Herein, we functionalized graphene oxide with two different functional groups (thiol and imidazole), focused on two distinct anchoring sites: epoxide and carboxylic acids. The mono‐ and bifunctionalized materials showed pronounced catalytic activity in the degradation of a toxic organophosphate. This was attributed to cooperative multiple catalyses by the reactive imidazole/thiol groups and neighbouring groups (carboxylate/hydroxyl) on the nanocatalyst backbone. The best nanocatalyst was monofunctionalized via epoxides, which showed the lowest degree of functionalization and highest amount of carboxylic acids. In this case, it could benefit from a bifunctional nucleophilic and general base catalysis involving the thiol and carboxylate groups, respectively. The bifunctionalization strategy via both epoxide and carboxylic acids showed to be better than the analogue bifunctionalized solely via the carboxylic acids, evidencing the importance of the spatial distribution of the anchoring sites. Overall, the functionalization strategy varies the positioning and availability of reactive groups which directly affects the catalytic outcome.

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“…The official method for destroying HD involves its direct incineration or the incineration of the corresponding hydrolysate after treatment under hot alkaline conditions. 14 Examples of solvolysis under hyperbaric conditions have also been reported, 15 as well as nucleophilic neutralization 16 and dehydrohalogenation protocols. 17 Selective sulfoxidation is by far the most reported protocol in the primary literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A miniaturized ozonolysis flow platform for expeditious sulfur mustard warfare simulant neutralization

Boddaert,

Bianchi,

Silva-Brenes

et al. 2024

Green Chem.

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Soft detoxification of chemical warfare agent simulants and pesticides under pressure

Abstract: The neutralisation of structurally varied chemical warfare agent simulants (blister and nerve agents) and pesticides (Paraoxon) with the assistance of high pressure is reported. Chloroethyl amine and sulfide (nitrogen and...

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Neutralization and Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents using Homogeneous Chemical Solutions

Neutralization and Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents using Homogeneous Chemical Solutions

Site‐selective Mono‐ and Bifunctionalization of Graphene Oxide: Screening Nanocatalysts for Organophosphate Degradation

A miniaturized ozonolysis flow platform for expeditious sulfur mustard warfare simulant neutralization

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