Soft ESD phenomena in GMR heads in the HDD manufacturing process

Mizoh, Yoshiaki; Nakano, Taro; Tagashira, Kenji; Nakamura, Kazuo; Suzuki, Tatsuya

doi:10.1016/j.elstat.2005.03.090

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Damage to heads can be generated from soft ESD (latent failures) and hard ESD which leads directly to device melting [3] - [5]. Examples of damage from hard ESD are illustrated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Hdd Manufacturing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of electrostatic discharge event detector

Jettanasen

2011

TENCON 2011 - 2011 IEEE Region 10 Conference

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Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is an important and unavoidable event occurred in electrical and/or electronic manufacturing industry, such as hard disk drive (HDD), semiconductor, integrated circuit (IC), and etc. This phenomenon causes catastrophic and/or latent failures to electrical/electronic devices during manufacturing process. This will increase manufacturing capital and reduce client confidence on products. To ensure the product reliability, different techniques have been applied to prevent or reduce ESD events or protect electronic circuits. In this paper, we propose to design an ESD detector that can help us to know whether ESD event occurs in the considered area. This detection circuit could be called "indirect method" to restrict ESD problems to any ESD sensitive electrical/electronic devices.

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Section: Hdd Manufacturing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of electrostatic discharge event detector

Jettanasen

2011

TENCON 2011 - 2011 IEEE Region 10 Conference

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“…The electric field expanded from this electrostatic eliminator has an insignificant effect on the voltage potential of the object. This ionizer is very promising for electrostatic elimination situations requiring an extremely low-offset voltage (ion balance), such as a magnetic head slider used in hard disc drives where the ion balance is restricted to a maximum of 2-10 V in the manufacturing process [15,16,17].…”

Section: Figure 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bad ion balance causes ESD problem on the latest electronic devices, which have high sensitivity to ESD damage. For example, the ion balance is limited less than 25-100 V in the manufacturing process of electric devices, and only several volts in the process of hard disc heads have a very high sensitivity for ESD [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Corona Discharge Ionizer Utilizing High-Voltage AC Power Supply Driven by PWM Inverter for Highly Efficient Electrostatic Elimination

Takahashi¹,

Takaki²,

Hiyoshi³

et al. 2020

Modern Applications of Electrostatics and Dielectrics

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The corona discharge ionizer has been widely used to eliminate electrostatic charges on insulators in a variety of manufacturing industries for the prevention of electrostatic discharge (ESD) problems. High-speed electrostatic elimination is conventionally required for ionizer performance. Because of the high sensitivity of recent electronic devices to ESD damage, an extremely low-offset voltage (ion balance) is required for the performance of electrostatic eliminators. Long-term performance stability is required to maintain the quality of the products, but the short cleaning interval of the unit increases the operating cost. The efficiency is also affected by the waveform of the applied voltage. The optimization of the applied voltage is an important factor in achieving long-term performance stability. In this study, an intermittent pulse voltage AC power supply was developed to achieve a highly efficient electrostatic elimination with long-term stability high-speed electrostatic elimination and an excellent ion balance.

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“…The thermal conduction and the temperature of reader layers triggered by Joule heat are determined by (2) where is the heat flux is the density, is the heat capacity, is the temperature, is the thermal conductivity, and is the time.…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melting of spacer layer (copper) has been most commonly found for hard ESD damage while degradation of magnetic properties in anti-ferromagenic layer (AFM) is commonly found, specially pinning reversal types of soft ESD failures [1], [2]. As in GMR, magnetic changes also occur before any resistance change [3]- [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

How Does Electrostatic Discharge Event Not Cause Polarity Flip in TMR Read Heads?

Marongmued

Sa-ngiamsak

2012

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) current causes both hard and soft failures on GMR read head technology; however, the current head technology such TMRs, the soft failure phenomenon such magnetization reversal has not been well understood. The previous published work only states that the soft failure does not occur on TMR technology; however none has pinpointed the cause of it. This work for the first time thoroughly explain the mechanism why ESD current does not cause a magnetization reversal on TMR read head instead ESD event likely induces only hard failure on TMRs. The explanation of this mechanism was conducted by investigating the important parameters such as Blocking Temperature , Neel Temperature , Curie Temperature , and Electric Field Breakdown of a particular TMR head were monitored while an ESD current being applied by using Finite Element simulator. The results reveal that the oxide breakdown at the insulator layer occurs at a lower level of ESD current; for example this particular TMR head the oxide breakdown occurs at ESD peak current of 4 mA while it requires 6 mA to causes a magnetization reversal.Index Terms-Electrostatic discharge (ESD), hard failure, magnetization reversal, oxide breakdown, polarity flip, soft failure, tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR).

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Soft ESD phenomena in GMR heads in the HDD manufacturing process

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Design of electrostatic discharge event detector

Design of electrostatic discharge event detector

Development of a Corona Discharge Ionizer Utilizing High-Voltage AC Power Supply Driven by PWM Inverter for Highly Efficient Electrostatic Elimination

How Does Electrostatic Discharge Event Not Cause Polarity Flip in TMR Read Heads?

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