Soft magnetic amorphous alloys (Fe-rich) obtained by gas atomisation technique

Alvarez, Kenny L.; Martín, José Manuel Perlado; Ipatov, M.; González, J.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.11.272

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the last two decades, significant progress has been achieved in the understanding of alloy design in an attempt to enhance the glass forming ability (GFA) of soft magnetic amorphous materials [8]. Therefore, many new bulk amorphous alloys with large GFA and good magnetic properties have been reported [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Casting methods including injection moulding have been used for the production of magnetic bulk metallic glasses (BMG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Ozden

Morley

2021

Magnetochemistry

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Fe-based amorphous materials offer new opportunities for magnetic sensors, actuators, and magnetostrictive transducers due to their high saturation magnetostriction (λs = 20–40 ppm) and low coercive field compared with polycrystalline Fe-based alloys, which have high magnetostriction but large coercive fields and Co-based amorphous alloys with small magnetostriction (λs = −3 to −5 ppm). Additive layer manufacturing (ALM) offers a new fabrication technique for more complex net-shaping designs. This paper reviews the two different ALM techniques that have been used to fabricate Fe-based amorphous magnetic materials, including the structural and magnetic properties. Selective laser melting (SLM)—a powder-bed fusion technique—and laser-engineered net shaping (LENS)—a directed energy deposition method—have both been utilised to fabricate amorphous alloys, owing to their high availability and low cost within the literature. Two different scanning strategies have been introduced by using the SLM technique. The first strategy is a double-scanning strategy, which gives rise to maximum relative density of 96% and corresponding magnetic saturation of 1.22 T. It also improved the glassy phase content by an order of magnitude of 47%, as well as improving magnetic properties (decreasing coercivity to 1591.5 A/m and increasing magnetic permeability to around 100 at 100 Hz). The second is a novel scanning strategy, which involves two-step melting: preliminary laser melting and short pulse amorphisation. This increased the amorphous phase fraction to a value of up to 89.6%, and relative density up to 94.1%, and lowered coercivity to 238 A/m. On the other hand, the LENS technique has not been utilised as much as SLM in the production of amorphous alloys owing to its lower geometric accuracy (0.25 mm) and lower surface quality, despite its benefits such as providing superior mechanical properties, controlled composition and microstructure. As a result, it has been commonly used for large parts with low complexity and for repairing them, limiting the production of amorphous alloys because of the size limitation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these techniques for Fe-based amorphous magnetic materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure12. The graph of (a) macroscopic photograph of 3D-printed Fe73.7Si11B11C2Cr2.28 alloys, (b) relative density and (c) transverse rupture strength (TRS) versus laser energy density and (d) optic microscope images of double-scanned alloys (reprinted with the permission from[75], Elsevier, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Ozden

Morley

2021

Magnetochemistry

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“…Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) are widely used in a variety of electromagnetic applications due to their superior magnetic properties, including high permeability and low coercivity. − Non-crystalline or amorphous materials have unique properties that make them attractive for use in SMCs. , Amorphous SMCs (ASMCs) have received significant attention due to their high saturation induction, low eddy current losses, and excellent frequency-dependent magnetic properties. , Research on ASMCs has mainly focused on the preparation of ASMCs, the characterization of their microstructure, and their magnetic properties. − Various preparation methods have been proposed, such as powder metallurgy, hot pressing, spark plasma sintering, and additive manufacturing. − Among these methods, powder metallurgy is the most widely used technique. , Researchers have explored the effects of different preparation parameters on the microstructure and magnetic properties of ASMCs, including particle size, compaction pressure, annealing temperature, and cooling rate. − These parameters can significantly affect the magnetic properties of ASMCs, such as permeability, coercivity, power loss, and saturation induction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Properties of High DC Bias Performance Fe-Si-B-C-Cr Amorphous Soft Magnetic Composites

Shen,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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The present study investigates three types of Fe-Si-B-C-Cr non-crystalline magnetic powder and their effects on the magnetic properties of soft magnetic composites. Specifically, the study examines the impact of heat treatment temperature and particle size distribution. The results indicate a positive correlation between the size of the magnetic powder particles and saturation magnetization. Changes in heat treatment temperature similarly affected the magnetic properties of the three soft magnetic composites, with the optimal temperature for heat treatment determined to be 460 °C. Nonlinear fitting was used to separate the total loss, and it was found that non-crystalline soft magnetic composites made with small-sized magnetic powder exhibited lower eddy current loss under MHz magnetic field conditions. The relaxation phenomenon observed in the hysteresis loop with increasing frequency under a dynamic magnetic field explains the mechanism of power loss variation in soft magnetic composite materials with respect to magnetic field frequency and magnetic induction intensity. A high-performance non-crystalline soft magnetic composite with a power consumption of 372 kW/m3 was obtained at a magnetic induction intensity of 20 mT and a frequency of 1 MHz. Which demonstrated excellent stability under MHz magnetic field conditions as well as excellent DC bias characteristics, with a relative permeability above 90% under a DC bias magnetic field of 7.96 kA/m.

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“…They showed, that with a larger gas-atomization pressure and a higher melt superheat, the melt flow rate tended to be smaller, which led to the smaller average particle size of the powders. Alvarez et al [ 9 ] studied the relationship between the cooling rate and the gas atomization process parameters, such as the droplet temperature, gas temperature and thermal conductivity and particle size of powders. Ciftci et al [ 10 ] found that the gas consumption and the crystalline fraction of the FeCoPSiNb powders could be reduced by using a higher gas temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Gas-Atomization Pressure and Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Performance of FeSiBCuNb Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Composites

Shi

Miao

et al. 2023

Materials

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FeSiBCuNb powders prepared by the gas atomization method generally exhibit a wide particle size distribution and a high degree of sphericity. In addition, the correspondingly prepared nanocrystalline soft magnetic composites (NSMCs) perform good service stability. In this paper, effects of the gas-atomization pressure and annealing temperature on the microstructure and soft magnetic properties of FeSiBCuNb powders and NSMCs are investigated. The results show that the powders obtained by a higher gas-atomization pressure possess a larger amorphous ratio and a smaller average crystallite size, which contribute to the better soft magnetic performance of the NSMCs. After being annealed at 550 °C for 60 min, the NSMCs show a much better performance than those treated by the stress-relief annealing process under 300 °C, which indicates that the optimization of the soft magnetic properties resulting from the precipitation of the α-Fe(Si) nanocrystalline largely overwhelms the deterioration caused by the grain growth of the pre-existing crystals. In addition, the annealed NSMCs prepared by the powders with the gas-atomization pressure of 4 MPa show the best performance in this work, μe = 33.32 (f = 100 kHz), Hc = 73.08 A/m and Pcv = 33.242 mW/cm3 (f = 100 kHz, Bm = 20 mT, sine wave).

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Soft magnetic amorphous alloys (Fe-rich) obtained by gas atomisation technique

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Magnetic Properties of High DC Bias Performance Fe-Si-B-C-Cr Amorphous Soft Magnetic Composites

Effects of the Gas-Atomization Pressure and Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Performance of FeSiBCuNb Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Composites

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