Soft tissue calcification in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease

Milliner, Dawn S.; Zinsmeister, Alan R.; Lieberman, Ellin; Landing, Benjamin H.

doi:10.1007/bf00867483

Cited by 34 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Carotid IMT was correlated with cumulative dialysis and serum Ca x P product in their study. Milliner et al [111], in an autopsy study of pediatric patients with ESRD who died in 1960–1983, showed a high prevalence of soft tissue and vascular calcinosis. In their study, CAC was present in 28%.…”

Section: Arterial Structure and Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular complications of pediatric chronic kidney disease

2008

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is a leading cause of death in adult chronic kidney disease (CKD), with exceptionally high rates in young adults, according to the Task Force on Cardiovascular Disease. Recent data indicate that cardiovascular complications are already present in children with CKD. This review summarizes the current literature on cardiac risk factors, mortality and morbidity in children with CKD.Keywords Chronic kidney disease . Children . Cardiovascular disease . ESRD Learning objectives: 1. To review recent data on the epidemiology of CVD in children with CKD 2. To understand the mechanisms of cardiovascular abnormalities in pediatric CKD 3. To review recent advances in the diagnosis and clinical presentation of cardiovascular complications in children with CKD 4. To outline current understanding in the strategies to prevent progression of CVD in children with CKD.

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Section: Arterial Structure and Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular complications of pediatric chronic kidney disease

2008

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“…Several subsequent reports have confirmed this observation. 6,14,24 This has been attributed to the relative intracellular alkalinity at these sites, 11,14,15 given that the solubility of secondary calcium phosphate varies inversely with pH. 15 Hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and an elevated Ca Â PO4 product have been suggested as the most important factors in the development of metastatic calcifications.…”

Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric Mucosal Calcinosis

Gorospe¹,

Fadare²

2007

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

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Generally, gastric mucosal calcinosis (GMC) is only rarely encountered in routine biopsies. GMC may be classified as dystrophic, metastatic, or idiopathic. Metastatic calcification represents the most frequently encountered subtype, and refers to the deposition of calcium salts on largely normal tissues in the setting of an abnormal serum biochemical environment (hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and/or an elevated Ca Â PO4 product). In contrast, dystrophic calcification implies calcification in inflammed, fibrotic, or otherwise altered tissue in the setting of a normal biochemical environment. The gastric mucosa, along with the kidneys and lungs, are preferential sites for metastatic calcification, a finding that has been attributed to the relative intracellular alkalinity at these sites. In addition to the wide variety of hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemiacausing clinical conditions, GMC has also been associated with atrophic gastritis, hypervitaminosis A, organ transplantation, gastric neoplasia, uremia with eucalcemia/euphosphatemia, and the use of aluminum-containing antacids, citrate-containing blood products, isotretinoin, and sucralfate. Although GMC has rarely been associated with epigastric pain and/or dyspepsia, most come to clinical attention owing to their accumulation of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals or represent a postmortem finding. The precise significance or mechanistic basis for GMC remains to be elucidated. However, their presence in gastric biopsies should be reported, as they may serve as an indicator for generalized metastatic calcification, especially in organs where they may be fatal, such as the heart. Furthermore, some examples of systemic calcification are reversible with normalization of biochemical parameters, which highlights the need for pathologists to report this finding when encountered in a premortem gastric biopsy.

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“…Arteriosclerosis is commonly seen in children with CKD. [32] Arteriosclerosis can lead to an increase in systolic blood pressure and decrease in diastolic blood pressure and LVH.…”

Section: Proposed Disease Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Origins of Cardiovascular Disease in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease

Patel

2010

Renal Failure

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The importance of cardiovascular disease in adults with chronic kidney disease is now well recognized. For children who develop chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease is also a leading cause of eventual morbidity and mortality. Although the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease may not be apparent until later, early subclinical findings can be observed even during childhood. This review updates the reader on the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic kidney disease, discusses risk factors and potential mechanisms of accelerated cardiovascular disease, reviews evidence of early manifestations of cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic kidney disease, and briefly discusses prevention and treatment strategies.

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Soft tissue calcification in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease

Cited by 34 publications

References 5 publications

Cardiovascular complications of pediatric chronic kidney disease

Cardiovascular complications of pediatric chronic kidney disease

Gastric Mucosal Calcinosis

Early Origins of Cardiovascular Disease in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease

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