Hydrophobic
cluster structures in aqueous ethanol solutions at
different concentrations have been investigated by soft X-ray absorption
spectroscopy (XAS). In the O K-edge XAS, we have found that hydrogen
bond structures among water molecules are enhanced in the middle-concentration
region by the hydrophobic interaction of the ethyl groups in ethanol.
In the C K-edge XAS, the lower energy features arise from a transition
from the terminal methyl C 1s electron to an unoccupied orbital of
3s Rydberg character, which is sensitive to the nearest-neighbor intermolecular
interactions. From the comparison of C K-edge XAS with the inner-shell
calculations, we have found that ethanol clusters are easily formed
in the middle-concentration region due to the hydrophobic interaction
of the ethyl group in ethanol, resulting in the enhancement of the
hydrogen bond structures among water molecules. This behavior is different
from aqueous methanol solutions, where the methanol–water mixed
clusters are more predominant in the middle-concentration region due
to the relatively weak hydrophobic interactions of the methyl group
in methanol.