Software application profile: GLU: A tool for analysing continuously measured glucose in epidemiology

Millard, Louise A C; Patel, Nashita; Tilling, Kate; Lewcock, Melanie; Flach, Peter A.; Lawlor, Deborah A

doi:10.1101/500256

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…We have used GLU with the ALSPAC-G2 pilot data and shown that overall mean glucose levels were very similar (~5 mmol/l) across the four time points, but that this similarity conceals very different patterns of variation, with greater variability during pregnancy (both early and late) than postnatally and more time spent hypoglycaemic during pregnancy than postnatally. Fasting glucose was, on average, higher 12 months postnatally compared with early pregnancy 8 . We also found that, during pregnancy, higher BMI was associated with higher overall mean glucose levels during both the day and night, higher time spent in hyper-glycaemia during the night and shorter post-prandial time to peak glucose 8 .…”

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Fasting glucose was, on average, higher 12 months postnatally compared with early pregnancy 8 . We also found that, during pregnancy, higher BMI was associated with higher overall mean glucose levels during both the day and night, higher time spent in hyper-glycaemia during the night and shorter post-prandial time to peak glucose 8 .…”

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We collect a range of environmental, social, lifestyle, clinical and biological data on all family members repeatedly ( Figure 3 analyses have been performed on these samples (we would be keen to speak to any collaborators who would like to use these samples). We have also collected, or are collecting, intensive repeat or continuously measured data, using novel methods on subgroups, including continuously measured glucose on mothers during pregnancy 8 , videos of parent-child interactions from head-worn and home-based cameras 9 , and dietary intake from smart-phone photographs of meals 10 .…”

Section: What Has Been Measured?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all analyses G0/G1 are the reference category; b For both G0 and G1 women weight was abstracted from the first antenatal clinic visit; height was self-reported for G0 and measured in the ALSPAC clinic for G1; c A-levels: Advanced-levels, secondary school exams required for University entrance and some other further education/ apprentice schemes taken at age 18. Education data was obtained from self-report for G0 and data at a single time point (most commonly early or late pregnancy), 11 on 2 occasions and 9 on 3 occasions (none provided data at all 4 time points) 8 . While wearing the device, participants were asked to measure their capillary blood glucose by finger prick 4 times daily to calibrate the system and to record mealtimes in a meal diary.…”

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, a lack of consistency and transparency of precise definitions used for these descriptive characteristics has hindered interpretation, replication and comparison of results across studies 16 . We have developed an open-source software package (GLU) for deriving a consistent set of summary variables from CGM data 8 . GLU performs quality control of each CGM sample (e.g.…”

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The second generation of The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC-G2): a cohort profile

et al. 2019

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Background: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children-Generation 2 (ALSPAC-G2) was set up to provide a unique multi-generational cohort. It builds on the existing ALSPAC resource, which recruited 14,541 pregnancies to women resident in the South West of England who were expected to deliver between 01/04/1991 and 31/12/1992. Those women and their partners (Generation 0; ALSPAC-G0) and their offspring (ALSPAC-G1) have been followed for the last 26 years. This profile describes recruitment and data collection on the next generation (ALSPAC-G2)—the grandchildren of ALSPAC-G0 and children of ALSPAC-G1. Recruitment: Recruitment began on the 6th of June 2012 and we present details of recruitment and participants up to 30th June 2018 (~6 years). We knew at the start of recruitment that some ALSPAC-G1 participants had already become parents and ALSPAC-G2 is an open cohort; we recruit at any age. We hope to continue recruiting until all ALSPAC-G1 participants have completed their families. Up to 30th June 2018 we recruited 810 ALSPAC-G2 participants from 548 families. Of these 810, 389 (48%) were recruited during their mother’s pregnancy, 287 (35%) before age 3 years, 104 (13%) between 3-6 years and 30 (4%) after 6 years. Over 70% of those invited to early pregnancy, late pregnancy, second week of life, 6-, 12- and 24-month assessments (whether for their recruitment, or a follow-up, visit) have attended, with attendance being over 60% for subsequent visits up to 7 years (to few are eligible for the 9- and 11-year assessments to analyse). Data collection: We collect a wide-range of social, lifestyle, clinical, anthropometric and biological data on all family members repeatedly. Biological samples include blood (including cord-blood), urine, meconium and faeces, and placental tissue. In subgroups detailed data collection, such as continuous glucose monitoring and videos of parent-child interactions, are being collected.

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Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: What Has Been Measured?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Continuous Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The second generation of The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC-G2): a cohort profile

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The second generation of The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC-G2): a cohort profile

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children-Generation 2 (ALSPAC-G2) was set up to provide a unique multi-generational cohort. It builds on the existing ALSPAC resource, which recruited 14,541 pregnancies to women resident in the South West of England who were expected to deliver between 01/04/1991 and 31/12/1992. Those women and their partners (Generation 0; ALSPAC-G0) and their offspring (ALSPAC-G1) have been followed for the last 27 years. This profile describes recruitment and data collection on the next generation (ALSPAC-G2)—the grandchildren of ALSPAC-G0 and children of ALSPAC-G1. Recruitment: Recruitment began on the 6 th of June 2012 and we present details of recruitment and participants up to 30 th June 2018 (~6 years). We knew at the start of recruitment that some ALSPAC-G1 participants had already become parents and ALSPAC-G2 is an open cohort; we recruit at any age. We hope to continue recruiting until all ALSPAC-G1 participants have completed their families. Up to 30 th June 2018 we recruited 810 ALSPAC-G2 participants from 548 families. Of these 810, 389 (48%) were recruited during their mother’s pregnancy, 287 (35%) before age 3 years, 104 (13%) between 3-6 years and 30 (4%) after 6 years. Over 70% of those invited to early pregnancy, late pregnancy, second week of life, 6-, 12- and 24-month assessments (whether for their recruitment, or a follow-up, visit) have attended, with attendance being over 60% for subsequent visits up to 7 years (too few are eligible for the 9- and 11-year assessments to analyse). Data collection: We collect a wide-range of socioeconomic, lifestyle, clinical, anthropometric and biological data on all family members repeatedly. Biological samples include blood (including cord-blood), urine, meconium and faeces, and placental tissue. In subgroups detailed data collection, such as continuous glucose monitoring and videos of parent-child interactions, are being collected.

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Developing Digital Tools for Remote Clinical Research: How to Evaluate the Validity and Practicality of Active Assessments in Field Settings

Ferrar¹,

Griffith²,

Skirrow³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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The ability of remote research tools to collect granular, high-frequency data on symptoms and digital biomarkers is an important strength because it circumvents many limitations of traditional clinical trials and improves the ability to capture clinically relevant data. This approach allows researchers to capture more robust baselines and derive novel phenotypes for improved precision in diagnosis and accuracy in outcomes. The process for developing these tools however is complex because data need to be collected at a frequency that is meaningful but not burdensome for the participant or patient. Furthermore, traditional techniques, which rely on fixed conditions to validate assessments, may be inappropriate for validating tools that are designed to capture data under flexible conditions. This paper discusses the process for determining whether a digital assessment is suitable for remote research and offers suggestions on how to validate these novel tools.

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Software application profile: GLU: A tool for analysing continuously measured glucose in epidemiology

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

The second generation of The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC-G2): a cohort profile

The second generation of The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC-G2): a cohort profile

The second generation of The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC-G2): a cohort profile

Developing Digital Tools for Remote Clinical Research: How to Evaluate the Validity and Practicality of Active Assessments in Field Settings

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