Soil and runoff response to dairy manure application on New Mexico rangeland

Cabrera, Víctor E.; Stavast, Lanson J.; Baker, Thomas; Wood, M.K.; Cram, Douglas S.; Flynn, Robert; Ulery, April

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.01.022

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Soils amended with organic matter have been shown to increase plant production by enhancing nitrogen (N) and water availability (Derner and Schuman 2007, Albaladejo et al 2008. Organic matter amendments add C directly to the soil, some of which may remain in stable pools (Lynch et al 2005, Cabrera et al 2009, Ryals et al 2014. Moreover, organic matter amendments can contribute to greenhouse gas offsets such as avoided methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the diversion of organic wastes from landfills or slurry ponds (DeLonge et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term climate change mitigation potential with organic matter management on grasslands

Ryals

Hartman

Parton

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

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Compost amendments to grasslands have been proposed as a strategy to mitigate climate change through carbon (C) sequestration, yet little research exists exploring the net mitigation potential or the long-term impacts of this strategy. We used field data and the DAYCENT biogeochemical model to investigate the climate change mitigation potential of compost amendments to grasslands in California, USA. The model was used to test ecosystem C and greenhouse gas responses to a range of compost qualities (carbon to nitrogen [C:N] ratios of 11.1, 20, or 30) and application rates (single addition of 14 Mg C/ha or 10 annual additions of 1.4 Mg C · ha(-1) · yr(-1)). The model was parameterized using site-specific weather, vegetation, and edaphic characteristics and was validated by comparing simulated soil C, nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes, and net primary production (NPP) with three years of field data. All compost amendment scenarios led to net greenhouse gas sinks that persisted for several decades. Rates of climate change mitigation potential ranged from 130 ± 3 g to 158 ± 8 g CO2-eq · m(-2) ·yr(-1) (where "eq" stands for "equivalents") when assessed over a 10-year time period and 63 ± 2 g to 84 ± 10 g CO2- eq · m(-2) · yr(-1) over a 30-year time period. Both C storage and greenhouse gas emissions increased rapidly following amendments. Compost amendments with lower C:N led to higher C sequestration rates over time. However, these soils also experienced greater N20 fluxes. Multiple smaller compost additions resulted in similar cumulative C sequestration rates, albeit with a time lag, and lower cumulative N2O emissions. These results identify a trade-off between maximizing C sequestration and minimizing N2O emissions following amendments, and suggest that compost additions to grassland soils can have a long-term impact on C and greenhouse gas dynamics that contributes to climate change mitigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term climate change mitigation potential with organic matter management on grasslands

Ryals

Hartman

Parton

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

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“…Little research has evaluated the effect of manure amendments on nutrient losses in runoff from surface‐irrigated crops, although manure effects on nutrients in runoff resulting from actual or simulated rainfall events are well documented (Cabrera et al, 2009; Kleinman et al, 2002; Little et al, 2005; Smith et al, 2007; Gilley et al, 2007). Mundy et al (2003) evaluated the effect of defoliation and cow stocking density on P and N in runoff from a flood‐irrigated perennial pasture.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutrients in Runoff from a Furrow‐Irrigated Field after Incorporating Inorganic Fertilizer or Manure

Lentz

Lehrsch

2010

J of Env Quality

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Use of dairy manure to supply crop nutrients is gaining broader acceptance as the cost of fertilizer rises. However, there are concerns regarding manure's effect on water quality. In 2003 and 2004, we measured sediment, NO3–N, NH4–N, K, dissolved reactive P (DRP), and total P (TP) concentrations in runoff from furrow irrigated field plots (6–7 irrigations yr−1) cropped to corn (Zea mays L.) in the semiarid climate of southern Idaho. Annual treatments included 13 (Year 1) and 34 Mg ha−1 (Year 2) stockpiled dairy manure (M); 78 (Year 1) and 195 kg N ha−1 (Year 2) inorganic N fertilizer (F); or control–no amendment (C). Available N in manure applied each year was similar to amounts applied in fertilizer. Constituent concentrations (mg L−1) in runoff ranged widely among all treatments: sediment, 10 to 50,000; NO3–N, 0 to 4.07; NH4–N, 0 to 2.28; K, 3.6 to 46.4; DRP, 0.02 to 14.3; and TP, 0.03 to 41.5. Over both years, fertilizer and manure treatments increased irrigation mean values (averaged across irrigations) for NO3–N runoff concentrations (M = 0.30, F = 0.26, C = 0.21 mg L−1) and mass losses (M = 0.50, F = 0.42, C = 0.33 kg ha−1) relative to the control. Over both years, the manure treatment also increased mean irrigation runoff concentrations of DRP (M = 0.19, F = 0.09, C = 0.08 mg L−1) and K (M = 1.13, F = 0.79, C = 0.62 mg L−1) compared with fertilizer and control plots. Average DRP and K runoff mass losses were 2.0 to 2.4 times greater in manure treatments than in control plots. Neither F or M affected season‐long cumulative infiltration. Runoff DRP and inorganic‐N losses appeared to be influenced more by the timing of the amendment application and environmental conditions than by the quantity of nutrients applied. Nutrient additions to furrow irrigated soils, whether from fertilizer or manure, can potentially increase nutrient losses in irrigation runoff, with the degree of impact depending on the nutrient, amount, and timing of application and whether inorganic fertilizer or manure was applied.

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“…Manure amendment can increase CO 2 and N 2 O fluxes (Chadwick et al 2000, Dalal et al 2003, Mosier et al 2004, Davidson 2009); composted animal waste and plant matter tends to result in lower greenhouse gas emissions relative to green manures or synthetic fertilizers (Vallejo et al 2006, Alluvione et al 2010. However, the effects of organic matter additions on greenhouse gas dynamics in rangelands are largely unstudied (Lynch et al 2005, Cabrera et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of organic matter amendments on net primary productivity and greenhouse gas emissions in annual grasslands

Ryals

Silver

2013

Ecological Applications

125

123

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Abstract. Most of the world's grasslands are managed for livestock production. A critical component of the long-term sustainability and profitability of rangelands (e.g., grazed grassland ecosystems) is the maintenance of plant production. Amending grassland soils with organic waste has been proposed as a means to increase net primary productivity (NPP) and ecosystem carbon (C) storage, while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from waste management. Few studies have evaluated the effects of amendments on the C balance and greenhouse gas dynamics of grasslands. We used field manipulations replicated within and across two rangelands (a valley grassland and a coastal grassland) to determine the effects of a single application of composted green waste amendments on NPP and greenhouse gas emissions over three years. Amendments elevated total soil respiration by 18% 6 4% at both sites but had no effect on nitrous oxide or methane emissions. Carbon losses were significantly offset by greater and sustained plant production. Amendments stimulated both above-and belowground NPP by 2.1 6 0.8 Mg C/ha to 4.7 6 0.7 Mg C/ha (mean 6 SE) over the threeyear study period. Net ecosystem C storage increased by 25-70% without including the direct addition of compost C. The estimated magnitude of net ecosystem C storage was sensitive to estimates of heterotrophic soil respiration but was greater than controls in five out of six fields that received amendments. The sixth plot was the only one that exhibited lower soil moisture than the control, suggesting an important role of water limitation in these seasonally dry ecosystems. Treatment effects persisted over the course of the study, which were likely derived from increased water-holding capacity in most plots, and slow-release fertilization from compost decomposition. We conclude that a single application of composted organic matter can significantly increase grassland C storage, and that effects of a single application are likely to carry over in time.

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Soil and runoff response to dairy manure application on New Mexico rangeland

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

Long‐term climate change mitigation potential with organic matter management on grasslands

Long‐term climate change mitigation potential with organic matter management on grasslands

Nutrients in Runoff from a Furrow‐Irrigated Field after Incorporating Inorganic Fertilizer or Manure

Effects of organic matter amendments on net primary productivity and greenhouse gas emissions in annual grasslands

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