Soil-atmosphere exchange of nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide in a gradient of elevation in the coastal Brazilian Atlantic forest

Sousa‐Neto, Eráclito Rodrigues de; Carmo, Janaína Braga do; Keller, Michael; Martins, Susian Christian; Alves, Luciana F.; Vieira, Simone A.; Píccolo, Marisa de Cássia; Camargo, Plínio Barbosa de; Couto, Hilton Thadeu Zarate do; Joly, Carlos A.; Martinelli, Luiz Antônio

doi:10.5194/bg-8-733-2011

Cited by 81 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our annual soil CH 4 uptake (Table 4) was within the range of other reported values from Brazil and Panama Davidson et al, 2004;Keller et al, 2005;Silver et al, 2005;Veldkamp et al, 2013). Studies that have measured a stronger uptake in CSA lowland forests (up to 4.90 kg C ha −1 yr −1 ; Keller and Reiners, 1994;Steudler et al, 1996;Keller et al, 2005;Sousa Neto et al, 2011) may have had soils with higher gas diffusivity due to lower soil water content and/or lower clay content (see Veldkamp et al, 2013); in our five sites, the two sites with the highest sand content (P8 and P19; Table 1) exhibited the highest soil CH 4 uptake (Tables 3 and 4). In addition to moisture, soil NO − 3 may have also been an important driver of temporal soil CH 4 uptake in our sites; we observed increased CH 4 uptake as NO − 3 concentrations increased in P8, P19 and P32 (see Sect.…”

Section: Ch 4 Fluxessupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Tropical forest soils, specifically, are the largest natural source of soil CO 2 (Raich and Schlesinger, 1992) and N 2 O (Bouwman et al, 1993;Prather et al, 1995) and can be significant sinks of CH 4 (Steudler et al, 1996;Keller et al, 2005;Sousa Neto et al, 2011). Although soil NO fluxes in tropical forests are often low (Keller and Reiners, 1994;Koehler et al, 2009b) and the canopy can act as a sink for a large proportion of soil-emitted NO , even low emissions may be important in regulating atmospheric oxidant production (Keller et al, 1991;Chameides et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil trace gas fluxes along orthogonal precipitation and soil fertility gradients in tropical lowland forests of Panama

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Tropical lowland forest soils are significant sources and sinks of trace gases. In order to model soil trace gas flux for future climate scenarios, it is necessary to be able to predict changes in soil trace gas fluxes along natural gradients of soil fertility and climatic characteristics. We quantified trace gas fluxes in lowland forest soils at five locations in Panama, which encompassed orthogonal precipitation and soil fertility gradients. Soil trace gas fluxes were measured monthly for 1 (NO) or 2 (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) years (2010-2012) using vented dynamic (for NO only) or static chambers with permanent bases. Across the five sites, annual fluxes ranged from 8.0 to 10.2 Mg CO 2 -C, −2.0 to −0.3 kg CH 4 -C, 0.4 to 1.3 kg N 2 O-N and −0.82 to −0.03 kg NO-N ha −1 yr −1 . Soil CO 2 emissions did not differ across sites, but they did exhibit clear seasonal differences and a parabolic pattern with soil moisture across sites. All sites were CH 4 sinks; within-site fluxes were largely controlled by soil moisture, whereas fluxes across sites were positively correlated with an integrated index of soil fertility. Soil N 2 O fluxes were low throughout the measurement years, but the highest emissions occurred at a mid-precipitation site with high soil N availability. Net negative NO fluxes at the soil surface occurred at all sites, with the most negative fluxes at the low-precipitation site closest to Panama City; this was likely due to high ambient NO concentrations from anthropogenic sources. Our study highlights the importance of both shortterm (climatic) and long-term (soil and site characteristics) factors in predicting soil trace gas fluxes.

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Section: Ch 4 Fluxessupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil trace gas fluxes along orthogonal precipitation and soil fertility gradients in tropical lowland forests of Panama

et al. 2017

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“…Ainda considerando a Figura 8, vale ressaltar que embora tenham ocorrido emissões positivas tanto de CO 2 como N 2 O do material incubado, os valores observados são significativamente menores que valores de emissões naturais encontradas em florestas tropicais tais como a Amazônia e Mata Atlântica [51] . …”

Section: Campagner M R Et Al -Filmes Poliméricos Baseados Em Amidunclassified

Filmes poliméricos baseados em amido e lignossulfonatos: preparação, propriedades e avaliação da biodegradação

et al. 2014

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Resumo: Este trabalho envolveu a obtenção de filmes poliméricos a partir de amido de milho e incorporação de lignina na forma de lignossulfonato. A motivação deste trabalho está relacionada à utilização do amido na obtenção de filmes devido ao seu potencial de biodegradação, além do aproveitamento de resíduos de lignossulfonatos provenientes da indústria de celulose e papel. Para a obtenção dos filmes foram utilizados lignossulfonatos em pó e foram realizadas diversas moldagens com variação do tipo e da proporção (1% a 4%) de lignossulfonato utilizado. Algumas análises foram realizadas nos filmes poliméricos para comparar propriedades térmicas por DSC (Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial), e propriedades de tração, em equipamento de DMTA (Análise Térmica Dinâmico-Mecânica). Neste estudo são destacadas as análises da biodegradação e da emissão dos gases liberados utilizando a técnica de Cromatografia Gasosa. De acordo com os resultados de DMTA, a maioria dos filmes poliméricos contendo lignossulfonatos apresentou resistência à tração inferior quando comparados aos filmes poliméricos sem lignossulfonatos (1,024 MPa). Porém, os filmes contendo lignossulfonato modificado com sódio (Vixil S) apresentaram maiores valores de resistência à tração quando comparado aos outros filmes contendo os lignossulfonatos utilizados (Vixil I e Vixil Tan). Nas análises térmicas foram notadas semelhanças entre os dois tipos principais de filmes poliméricos (amido; e amido com lignossulfonato), com alguns deslocamentos das temperaturas dos principais picos máximos dos filmes contendo lignossulfonato (4%, Vixil S). Na análise de biodegradabilidade foi verificado que os materiais são biodegradáveis e houve uma emissão maior de CO 2 e N 2 O das amostras dos filmes contendo 4% lignossulfonato do tipo Vixil S, em comparação com as amostras sem lignossulfonato. Palavras-chave: Filme polimérico, amido, lignossulfonato, DMTA, DSC, biodegradação. Polymeric Films Based on Starch and lignosulfonates: Preparation, Properties and Evaluation of BiodegradationAbstract: We obtained polymer films from corn starch with lignin incorporation as lignosulfonate. The motivation is the use of starch in obtaining films, due to their potential for biodegradation, and the use of lignosulfonate waste from the pulp and paper industry. To obtain films of lignosulfonates various powders of lignosulfonate were used, varying type and proportion (1% to 4%). Analyses were performed on polymer films to compare thermal properties by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and tensile properties in Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis, DMTA. We emphasize analyses of biodegradation and gas emission using gas chromatography. According to the results of DMTA, most polymeric films containing lignosulfonates showed lower tensile strength when compared to polymer films without lignosulfonates (1.024 MPa). However, the films containing lignosulfonate modified with sodium (Vixil S) showed higher tensile strength when compared to other films containing lignosulfonates (Vixil I and Vixi...

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“…The few published CH 4 uptake rates that were lower than our lowland forest soil were mainly from Amazon forest soils with low sand or high clay contents, while those with larger CH 4 uptake rates were mostly at sites with low clay content (Steudler et al, 1996;Sousa Neto et al, 2011). Indeed, from studies compiled (Table 3), the only significant correlation between annual CH 4 fluxes and site factors for the tropical forests below 800 m elevation was a positive correlation between annual soil CH 4 fluxes and clay contents (R = 0.58, P = 0.02, n = 16).…”

Section: Ch 4 Fluxes From Control Forests In Comparison With Publishementioning

confidence: 99%

Indications of nitrogen-limited methane uptake in tropical forest soils

Veldkamp¹,

Koehler

Corre³

2013

Biogeosciences

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It is estimated that tropical forest soils contribute 6.2 Tg yr⁻¹ (28%) to global methane (CH₄) uptake, which is large enough to alter CH₄ accumulation in the atmosphere if significant changes would occur to this sink. Elevated deposition of inorganic nitrogen (N) to temperate forest ecosystems has been shown to reduce CH₄ uptake in forest soils, but almost no information exists from tropical forest soils even though projections show that N deposition will increase substantially in tropical regions. Here we report the results from two long-term, ecosystem-scale experiments in which we assessed the impact of chronic N addition on soil CH₄ fluxes from two old-growth forests in Panama: (1) a lowland, moist (2.7 m yr⁻¹ rainfall) forest on clayey Cambisol and Nitisol soils with controls and N-addition plots for 9–12 yr, and (2) a montane, wet (5.5 m yr⁻¹ rainfall) forest on a sandy loam Andosol soil with controls and N-addition plots for 1–4 yr. We measured soil CH₄ fluxes for 4 yr (2006–2009) in four replicate plots (40 m × 40 m each) per treatment using vented static chambers (four chambers per plot). CH₄ fluxes from the lowland control plots and the montane control plots did not differ from their respective N-addition plots. In the lowland forest, chronic N addition did not lead to inhibition of CH₄ uptake; instead, a negative correlation of CH₄ fluxes with nitrate (NO₃^–) concentrations in the mineral soil suggests that increased NO₃^– levels in N-addition plots had stimulated CH₄ consumption and/or reduced CH₄ production. In the montane forest, chronic N addition also showed negative correlation of CH₄ fluxes with ammonium concentrations in the organic layer, which suggests that CH₄ consumption was N limited. We propose the following reasons why such N-stimulated CH₄ consumption did not lead to statistically significant CH₄ uptake: (1) for the lowland forest, this was caused by limitation of CH₄ diffusion from the atmosphere into the clayey soils, particularly during the wet season, as indicated by the strong positive correlations between CH₄ fluxes and water-filled pore space (WFPS); (2) for the montane forest, this was caused by the high WFPS in the mineral soil throughout the year, which may not only limit CH₄ diffusion from the atmosphere into the soil but also favour CH₄ production; and (3) both forest soils showed large spatial and temporal variations of CH₄ fluxes. We conclude that in these extremely different tropical forest ecosystems there were indications of N limitation on CH₄ uptake. Based on these findings, it is unlikely that elevated N deposition on tropical forest soils will lead to a rapid reduction of CH₄ uptake

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Soil-atmosphere exchange of nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide in a gradient of elevation in the coastal Brazilian Atlantic forest

Cited by 81 publications

References 51 publications

Soil trace gas fluxes along orthogonal precipitation and soil fertility gradients in tropical lowland forests of Panama

Soil trace gas fluxes along orthogonal precipitation and soil fertility gradients in tropical lowland forests of Panama

Filmes poliméricos baseados em amido e lignossulfonatos: preparação, propriedades e avaliação da biodegradação

Indications of nitrogen-limited methane uptake in tropical forest soils

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