Soil Carbon Dynamics During a Long-Term Incubation Study Involving 13c and 14c Measurements

Follett, R. F.; Paul, Eldor A.; Pruessner, Elizabeth

doi:10.1097/ss.0b013e31803403de

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The WF rotation had been established in 1967 (Smika 1990) and the recent site history is described in detail by Follett et al (2007) and Halvorson et al (1997). The CMW soil was located in an alternative crop rotation study initiated in 1990 (Mikha et al 2010).…”

Section: Soil and Plant Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CMW soil was located in an alternative crop rotation study initiated in 1990 (Mikha et al 2010). The soil from both rotations was a Weld silt loam, fine montmorillonitic, mesic aridic Paleustoll (30 % sand, 40 % silt, and 30 % clay) (Follett et al 2007). Mean annual temperature is 9°C and mean annual precipitation is 420 mm (Mikha et al 2010).…”

Section: Soil and Plant Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each treatment, each replicate consisted of 100 g soil mixed thoroughly with 0.48 g of plant residue in a 150 ml plastic cup and adjusted to soil bulk density of 1 g cm -3 . Soils were then wet to field capacity with 20 g water (Follett et al 2007;Paul et al 2011) and maintained at field capacity throughout the entire 76 days incubation. Soils were initially pre-incubated overnight in the refrigerator at 4°C to allow the soil moisture to equilibrate.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignin biochemistry and soil N determine crop residue decomposition and soil priming

et al. 2015

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Section: Soil and Plant Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil and Plant Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignin biochemistry and soil N determine crop residue decomposition and soil priming

et al. 2015

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“…Thus, combining the C 3 /C 4 -vegetation-change approach with bomb-14 C (Follett et al, 2007) or with partitioning of CO 2 efflux by incubation, would enable partitioning of four C sources of different age with four components of CO 2 fluxes. This would be a strong contribution in evaluating the availability of SOM pools (as suggested on Fig.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to link soil C pools with CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes?

Kuzyakov¹

2011

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Despite the importance of carbon (C) pools and CO 2 fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems and especially in soils, as well as many attempts to assign fluxes to specific pools, this challenge remains unsolved. Interestingly, scientists investigating pools are not closely linked with scientists studying fluxes. This review therefore focused on experimental approaches enabling soil C pools to be linked with CO 2 flux from the soil. The background, advantages and shortcomings of uncoupled approaches (measuring only pools or fluxes) and of coupled approaches (measuring both pools and fluxes) were evaluated and their prerequisites -steady state of pools and isotopic steady state -described. The uncoupled approaches include: (i) monitoring the decrease of C pools in long-term fallow bare soil lacking C input over decades, (ii) analyzing components of CO 2 efflux dynamics by incubating soil without new C input over months or years, and (iii) analyzing turnover rates of C pools based on their 13 C and 14 C isotopic signature. The uncoupled approaches are applicable for non-steady state conditions only and have limited explanatory power. The more advantageous coupled approaches partition simultaneously pools and fluxes based on one of three types of changes in the isotopic signature of input C compared to soil C: (i) abrupt permanent, (ii) gradual permanent, and (iii) abrupt temporary impacts. I show how the maximal sensitivity of the approaches depends on the differences in the isotopic signature of pools with fast and slow turnover rates. The promising coupled approaches include: (a) δ 13 C of C pools and CO 2 efflux from soil after C 3 /C 4 vegetation changes or in FACE experiments (both corresponding to continuous labeling), (b) addition of 13 C or 14 C labeled organics (corresponding to pulse labeling), and (c) bomb-14 C. I show that physical separation of soil C pools is not a prerequisite to estimate pool size or to link pools with Correspondence to: Y. Kuzyakov (kuzyakov@gwdg.de) fluxes. Based on simple simulation of C aging in soil after the input, the discordance of MRT of C in pools and of C released in CO 2 was demonstrated. This discordance of MRT between pools and fluxes shows that the use of MRT of pools alone underestimates the fluxes at least for two times. The future challenges include combining two or more promising approaches to elucidate more than two C sources for CO 2 fluxes, and linking scientific communities investigating the pools with those investigating the fluxes. PreambleTwo high-ranking international conferences motivated me to prepare this review. At the first conference the results of various approaches to separate pools of soil organic matter (SOM), and thus carbon (C) pools in soil, were presented and discussed. These approaches are based on chemical and physical fractionations (extractability, particle and aggregate size, density, etc.) as well as their combinations (von Lutzow et al., 2007;Bruun et al., 2010). Despite some progress to separate C pools of different age and thus...

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“…Photographs and field measurements of corn residue (stalks, leaves, and cobs) were used to document changes over a period of three years (12). The data show a slow decrease in C:N ratio (105, 67, 47, and 27 when measured 0, 12, 24, and 36 months after harvest, respectively).…”

Section: Will Solving One Problem Create Another?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Residues: The Rest of the Story

Karlen

Lal

Follett³

et al. 2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In the February 15, 2009 issue of ES&T Strand and Benford argued that oceanic deposition of agricultural crop residues was a viable option for net carbon sequestration (43 [4], 1000−1007). In reviewing the calculations and bringing their experience to bear, Karlen et al. argue in this Viewpoint that crop residue oceanic permanent sequestration (CROPS) as envisioned by Strand and Benford will not work. They further propose alternative possibilities in agricultural methods to achieve a net decrease of CO2 emissions.

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Soil Carbon Dynamics During a Long-Term Incubation Study Involving 13c and 14c Measurements

Cited by 55 publications

References 29 publications

Lignin biochemistry and soil N determine crop residue decomposition and soil priming

Lignin biochemistry and soil N determine crop residue decomposition and soil priming

How to link soil C pools with CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes?

Crop Residues: The Rest of the Story

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Soil Carbon Dynamics During a Long-Term Incubation Study Involving 13c and 14c Measurements

Cited by 55 publications

References 29 publications

Lignin biochemistry and soil N determine crop residue decomposition and soil priming

Lignin biochemistry and soil N determine crop residue decomposition and soil priming

How to link soil C pools with CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes?

Crop Residues: The Rest of the Story

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How to link soil C pools with CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes?