Soil carbon modelling as a tool for carbon balance studies in forestry

Palosuo, Taru

doi:10.14214/df.61

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Annually, the trees shed 2-4% of the branch biomass. These calculations were based on previous parameterisations of the Yasso07 model and on measured data at the site (Lehtonen 2005;Thürig et al 2005;Helmisaari et al 2007;Palosuo 2008; Diaz-Pines Lopez de los . The above-ground biomass and root litter each contributed ca.…”

Section: Montane Forest Soils As Carbon Sink or Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry of a montane Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest: a synthesis of long-term research

Jandl

Smidt

Schindlbacher

et al. 2012

Plant Ecology & Diversity

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Background: Long-term ecological studies provide reference data for evaluating the response of ecosystems to external factors over time. Aims: At the Mühleggerköpfl forest research site, Austria air pollution, bioindication, hydrology, and biogeochemistry have been studied over 20 years. This paper reports the biogeochemical budget for nitrogen and carbon. Methods: The site is a Norway spruce (Picea abies) stand on limestone that intercepts air pollutants from long-range transport. As the over-mature trees have a low ability to assimilate surplus nitrogen (N) the forest is vulnerable to N saturation and the forest overall may release N into the groundwater. Results: Nitrate concentrations in the soil solution of the upper mineral soil indicate a high nitrification rate. Nevertheless, the nitrogen content in spruce needles barely exceeds the threshold of deficiency. Conclusions: Potential N-leaching from the soil is reduced by the slowly increasing N demand of the regenerating European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest that is establishing under the spruce stand. The release of NOx is low, yet significant for the greenhouse gas balance. With respect to CO 2 emissions, the forest currently is neutral, but as warming stimulates the decomposition of soil organic matter it can turn the forest into a carbon (C) source. In addition, disturbances, such as bark beetle (Ips typographus) attacks that cause tree mortality strongly affect ecosystem dynamics and the biogeochemistry of C and N.

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Section: Montane Forest Soils As Carbon Sink or Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry of a montane Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest: a synthesis of long-term research

Jandl

Smidt

Schindlbacher

et al. 2012

Plant Ecology & Diversity

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“…Monitoring of soil C is necessary for deforestation and forest degradation by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) forest C inventory. Te vertical distribution of C in forest soil is shallower than shrubland or grassland, which makes the carbon stock of forest soil more vulnerable to environmental factors like climate [8]. Soil C surveys usually consider a fxed soil depth, typically one meter [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Fluctuation of Soil Organic Carbon Levels: An Analysis of the Shuklaphanta National Park in Nepal

Joshi

Bhatta

2023

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a crucial carbon reservoir that needs to be monitored for deforestation and forest degradation. The top one-meter layer of soil contains around 1500–1600 Pg of carbon. Assessing the SOC pool is essential for understanding the soil system’s carbon sequestration potential (CSP) as a mitigation strategy and determining whether it acts as a source or sink for atmospheric CO2, depending on the level of saturation. However, there are limited studies on SOC in Nepal’s forests. This research aims to assess SOC variation in the Shuklaphanta National Park in Nepal. It focuses on determining SOC according to depth and analyzing the variation of SOC among the core area of the national park, grasslands, and buffer zone community forests (CFs) and identifying the factors that contribute to the variation in soil carbon across different land uses. The study was conducted using a systematic sampling method with a sampling intensity of 6.59% on 180 soil samples taken from permanent plots set up by the Forest Resource Assessment (FRA) Nepal. The analysis was based on SOC estimated up to the depth of 0–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm using a modified Walkley–Black wet oxidation method. The study also analyzed contributing factors affecting soil carbon such as vegetation, forest fire, rate of forest resource use, and different soil properties like pH and bulk density. The study found that the mean SOC% up to the depths of 0–10 cm, 11–20 cm, and 21–30 cm was 2.08, 0.98, and 0.68, respectively, in forest areas. Mean SOC% in grasslands was found to be 1.7, 1.68, and 1.87 in 0–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm, respectively, and in community forests, it was found to be 1.3, 0.98, and 0.58 in 0–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm, respectively. Similarly, the vertical mean SOC in tC⋅ha−1 (0–30 cm) was found to be 41.75 tC·ha−1 in the core area of the national park, 46.64 tC·ha−1 in grassland, and 37.50 tC·ha−1 in CFs. The study also found that there was variation in SOC with depth and that most of the SOC was concentrated in the topsoil in the core area of the national park and buffer zone community forests. Deep layers of SOC were found in grasslands, core area of the national park, and CF in decreasing order. The study implies that the national park has enormous potential to recapture atmospheric CO2 into the soil. Participating in the sustainable management of the national park can enhance the soil quality and help meet strategies to mitigate climate change. Factors such as vegetation cover, fire, bulk density, and vegetation type were found to be promising for SOC concentration.

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Soil organic carbon dynamics following afforestation in the Loess Plateau of China

Lü¹,

Liski²,

Chang³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest terrestrial carbon pool and sensitive to land use and cover change; its dynamics is critical for carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In this study, we combined a modeling approach and field measurements to examine the temporal dynamics of SOC following afforestation of former arable land at six sites under different climatic conditions in the Loess Plateau during 1980–2010. The results showed that the measured mean SOC increased to levels higher than before afforestation when taking the last measurements (i.e., at age 25 to 30 yr), although it decreased in the first few years at the wetter sites. The accumulation rates of SOC were 1.58 to 6.22% yr^–1 in the upper 20 cm and 1.62 to 5.15% yr^–1 in the upper 40 cm of soil. The simulations reproduced the basic characteristics of measured SOC dynamics, suggesting that litter input and climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) were the major causes for SOC dynamics and the differences among the sites. They explained 88–96, 48–86 and 57–74% of the variations in annual SOC changes at the soil depths of 0–20, 0–40, and 0–100 cm, respectively. Notably, the simulated SOC decreased during the first few years at all the sites, although the magnitudes of decreases were small at the drier sites. This suggested that the modeling may be advantageous in capturing SOC changes at finer time scale. The discrepancy between the simulation and measurement was a result of uncertainties in model structure, data input, and sampling design. Our findings indicated that afforestation promoted soil carbon sequestration at the study sites, which is favorable for further restoration of the vegetation and environment. Afforestation activities should decrease soil disturbances to reduce carbon release in the early stage. The long-term strategy for carbon fixation capability of the plantations should also consider the climate and site conditions, species adaptability, and successional stage of recovery

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Soil carbon modelling as a tool for carbon balance studies in forestry

Cited by 3 publications

References 135 publications

The carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry of a montane Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest: a synthesis of long-term research

The carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry of a montane Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest: a synthesis of long-term research

Examining the Fluctuation of Soil Organic Carbon Levels: An Analysis of the Shuklaphanta National Park in Nepal

Soil organic carbon dynamics following afforestation in the Loess Plateau of China

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